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We conducted a literature review on intraspecific contact (i.e., interactions wherein disease transmission may occur) among deer. From 69 studies, we identified five themes underlying research on intraspecific deer contact: physical touch, social groups, spatial overlap, association rates, and social networks. Visual observations determined physical touch to be infrequent (&lt;\u20092 touches\/h) and indicated deer social groups were dependent on spatial dynamics of parturition and dispersal; most females remained with matriarchal family groups while males dispersed and formed bachelor groups. Assessed using global positioning system (GPS) monitoring, spatial overlap and association rates (i.e., instances of deer in close spatial\u2013temporal proximity) were higher in correspondence to within\u2010group social dynamics, and between\u2010group scores were correspondingly low. Social network analyses indicated between\u2010group transmission may be driven by socially dominant males, often termed super\u2010spreaders (i.e., hosts infecting disproportionately high numbers of healthy individuals). We investigated these themes via a case study of deer infected with chronic wasting disease (CWD) in southcentral Pennsylvania, United States. We assessed spatial overlap and association rates using GPS monitoring data from 180 deer. Our results supported findings in the literature, showing strong correlations among spatial overlap, association rates, and correlated movements. Further, CWD\u2010infected deer exhibited similar association rates to deer in which CWD was not detected. Our literature review and case study indicate direct transmission of CWD and other diseases is likely greatest within social groups following seasonal behavioral dynamics and that between\u2010group transmission is likely driven by males via dispersal and mating interactions. Our results may be used to inform population management models with future work focused on high resolution spatial assessments of transmission in localized areas.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.73040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T12:42:16Z","timestamp":1770900136000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Intraspecific Contact Among White\u2010Tailed Deer: A Literature Review and Chronic Wasting Disease Case Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3722-8821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nathaniel H.","family":"Wehr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pennsylvania Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit The Pennsylvania State University  University Park Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristin J.","family":"Bondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pennsylvania Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit The Pennsylvania State University  University Park Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher S.","family":"Rosenberry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pennsylvania Game Commission Bureau of Wildlife Management  Harrisburg Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Stainbrook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pennsylvania Game Commission Bureau of Wildlife Management  Harrisburg Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bret D.","family":"Wallingford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pennsylvania Game Commission Bureau of Wildlife Management  Harrisburg Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3068-1073","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"W. David","family":"Walter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Geological Survey, Pennsylvania Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit The Pennsylvania State University  University Park Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0019896"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/z03-144"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1382899"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjae059"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.11418"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens13020138"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/icwsm.v3i1.13937"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","unstructured":"Behrend D. 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