{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T17:41:53Z","timestamp":1790185313968,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782950400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ecology and Evolution"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    With the rapid expansion of urban areas, city parks play a vital role in sustaining biodiversity, particularly for birds. In this study, we examined bird species richness, seasonal dynamics, and habitat associations in four urban parks within Beijing's Chaoyang District (China): Olympic Forest Park, Chaoyang Park, Dongba Country Park, and Wenyu River Park. We carried out standardised point count surveys across 40 randomly selected plots. We recorded a\u00a0total of 68 bird species, with Wenyu River Park supporting the highest diversity, likely due to its extensive wetlands and complex habitat structure. Seasonal changes in richness were most pronounced during the spring and fall migrations. We found that the wetland habitats were particularly important for several species, including the endangered\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Anser cygnoides<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    and the threatened\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Acrocephalus tangorum<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    . Non\u2010metric multidimensional scaling analysis revealed significant differences in bird community composition among the parks. Our findings underscore the vital role of urban greenspaces in maintaining both resident and migratory avian diversity. We recommend that urban planning prioritize the preservation and strategic management of wetlands and other heterogeneous habitats to safeguard biodiversity within urban landscapes.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.73953","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T01:23:41Z","timestamp":1783041821000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Urban Parks Act as Refuges for Avian Biodiversity in Chaoyang District, Beijing (China)"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Anees","family":"Ur Rahman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Ecology and Nature Conservation Beijing Forestry University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9472-3802","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luciano","family":"Bosso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Agriculture and Forestry Systems in the Mediterranean (ISAFoM) National Research Council of Italy  Portici Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shahid","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Ecology and Nature Conservation Beijing Forestry University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Najeeb","family":"Ullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northeast Asia Biodiversity Research Center and Sino\u2010Russia Joint Center for Biodiversity Research Northeast Forestry University  Harbin China"},{"name":"College of Wildlife and Protected Area Northeast Forestry University  Harbin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Zahid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology Islamia College Peshawar  Peshawar Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rashid Rasool Rabbani","family":"Ismaili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Non\u2010Invasive Research Technology for Endangered Species Beijing Forestry University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/geb.70164"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2016.04.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2013.3330"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/fee.1480"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ele.12427"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10980\u2010010\u20109537\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.landurbplan.2004.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biosci\/biw173"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/geb.12130"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1013155312332"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1461\u20100248.2008.01255.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10980\u2010022\u201001550\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2009.06.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2009.07.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.landurbplan.2020.103802"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/geb.12693"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/23022999"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ibi.12430"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocon.2005.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","unstructured":"Oksanen J. 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