{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T09:29:00Z","timestamp":1787218140094,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783641600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ecology and Evolution"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Pterocarpus marsupium<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    Roxb., locally known as Bijaysal, is a high\u2010value tropical deciduous tree with a restricted and fragmented distribution in Nepal. We integrated 129 spatially occurring records with climatic, anthropogenic, edaphic, and topographic variables in an ensemble species distribution modeling framework (biomod2) to project current and future (2050s and 2090s) habitat suitability under four shared socioeconomic pathways (SSP) scenarios. Minimum temperature of the coldest month and precipitation seasonality were the dominant climatic drivers, followed by soil organic carbon, bulk density, and human footprint. The current suitable habitat is limited (11,154\u2009km\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    ; 7.6% of Nepal) and confined to the western and central lowlands. Future projections conditional on the BCC\u2010CSM2\u2010MR GCM climatic model indicate potential habitat expansion ranging from ~40% (SSP1\u20102.62090s) to 313% (SSP2\u20104.52050s) with consistent southeastward centroid shifts, reflecting a leading\u2010edge expansion into the northern mid\u2010hills alongside a major redistribution of suitable core habitats toward eastern and southeastern lowlands. However, these projections should be interpreted with caution, as actual migration may be limited by seed dispersal mechanisms, biotic interaction, future land use change, and soil suitability in high\u2010elevation zones. The human footprint response suggests that conservation strategies outside strictly protected areas may also play an important role. These findings may help identify potential areas for further field assessment, but assisted colonization would require site\u2010specific soil, dispersal, and genetic feasibility studies before implementation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.73990","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T03:02:26Z","timestamp":1783738946000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Predicting the Habitat Suitability for Endangered Tree Species\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>Pterocarpus marsupium<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    in Nepal, Using Ensemble Species Distribution Models"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9303-0932","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ripu","family":"Kunwar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Gandaki University  Pokhara Nepal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4450-9445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Satyam Kumar","family":"Chaudhari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Department of Environmental Science Tribhuvan University  Kathmandu Nepal"},{"name":"Environment Conservation Forum  Jhapa Nepal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7926-4011","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shreehari","family":"Bhattarai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agriculture and Forestry University  Chitwan Nepal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1777-5879","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Binaya","family":"Adhikari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Forestry Tribhuvan University  Kathmandu Nepal"},{"name":"Natural Science Society  Kathmandu Nepal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Babita","family":"Khadka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Siddhanath Science Campus Tribhuvan University  Kathmandu Nepal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gokarna J.","family":"Thapa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WWF Nepal  Kathmandu Nepal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anant","family":"Bhandari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WWF Nepal  Kathmandu Nepal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Man Dev","family":"Bhatt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Siddhanath Science Campus Tribhuvan University  Kathmandu Nepal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10661\u2010020\u20108123\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2006.09.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102486.2005.01000.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2041\u2010210X.2011.00172.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","unstructured":"Barstow M.2017.\u201cPterocarpus marsupium.\u201d The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017: e.T32020A67772041.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2305\/IUCN.UK.2017\u20103.RLTS.T32020A67772041.en."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gecco.2021.e01576"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biosci\/biy050"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of a Workshop","author":"CAMP","year":"2001"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","first-page":"45","article-title":"Conservation Priority of \n                     Pterocarpus marsupium\n                   in Nepal","volume":"19","author":"Chalise P. 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