{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T03:06:25Z","timestamp":1788923185986,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,9]],"date-time":"2026-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786233600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ecology and Evolution"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) are central to insect waterproofing and chemical communication, yet their diversity and comparative distribution in termites have not been synthesized comprehensively. Here, we present a systematic review of termite CHCs with emphasis on worker profiles, caste\u2010level comparisons, and descriptive ecological interpretation. The qualitative synthesis included 28 studies, whereas the filtered statistical dataset comprised 37 worker profiles representing 37 species. Across the reviewed literature, termite cuticles contained a recurrent but variable combination of n\u2010alkanes, n\u2010alkenes, alkadienes, alkatrienes, mono\u2010, di\u2010, and trimethylalkanes. Species\u2010level mapping showed that saturated and methyl\u2010branched hydrocarbons were broadly distributed across the sampled taxa, whereas unsaturated compounds were more unevenly represented across the dataset. Genus\u2010level synthesis showed that methyl\u2010alkane\u2010dominated, olefin\u2010dominated, and mixed worker profiles occur in different higher taxonomic groups within the sampled dataset. Quantitative comparison of selected worker profiles highlighted broad chemistry in\n                    <jats:italic>Mastotermes darwiniensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    , strong methyl\u2010branched dominance in\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Coptotermes formosanus<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    , dimethyl\u2010rich profiles in\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Nasutitermes corniger<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    and\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>N. ephratae<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    , and marked alkatriene dominance in\n                    <jats:italic>Parvitermes wolcotti<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Caste\u2010resolved studies showed that workers, soldiers, nymphs, and reproductives usually share the same broad CHC classes, with caste differentiation arising mainly through quantitative shifts, although reproductives in some taxa also express caste\u2010associated compounds. Exploratory ecological analyses identified associations between nesting life type and worker CHC composition: drywood\/enclosed wood nesters showed fewer dimethylalkanes and more frequent alkatrienes than other life types; but these patterns could not be separated from broad family\u2010level phylogenetic structure. Overall, the available evidence suggests that termite CHC diversity reflects variation in the relative representation of a recurring chemical toolkit, with exploratory associations between worker CHC composition and nesting life type. Because the current dataset is limited and phylogenetic signal was not formally tested, these interpretations should be considered exploratory.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.74070","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T03:33:08Z","timestamp":1786332788000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparative Patterns of Cuticular Hydrocarbon Diversity in Termites Across Castes and Nesting Life Types"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0541-0135","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"V.","family":"Palma\u2010Onetto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Qu\u00edmica y Medio Ambiente Universidad T\u00e9cnica Federico Santa Mar\u00eda  Valpara\u00edso Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Cabrera\u2010Riquelme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Termitolab \u2010 Termite Research Lab Universidade Federal do ABC  S\u00e3o Bernardo do Campo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science  Guangzhou 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