{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T03:52:02Z","timestamp":1791431522701,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788739200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ME 5087\/2\u20101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ME 5087\/2\u20101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100021828","name":"German Academic Exchange Service","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["91893488"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["91893488"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100021828","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ecology and Evolution"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Substrate use in vascular plants is commonly treated as a categorical trait where a species is either epiphytic or terrestrial. Yet many species grow on both substrates, and the degree of epiphytism varies continuously within and among species. We quantified substrate use in 27 species traditionally classified as epiphytic across two tropical montane cloud forests in Colombia and Peru, recording 483 instances of substrate use, and compared field\u2010derived Epiphytic Values (EV) with literature\u2010derived estimates. In the field, 17 species grew exclusively epiphytically, while 10 also grew terrestrially, with EVs ranging from 43% to 97%. Literature\u2010derived EVs consistently overestimated substrate fidelity relative to field observations, particularly single\u2010source classifications, with mean absolute differences of up to 32%. Our results challenge treating \u2018epiphytic\/terrestrial\u2019 as a categorical trait and support a continuous \u2018Epiphytic Value\u2019 per species.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.74310","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T05:35:17Z","timestamp":1788845717000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["How Epiphytic Are Epiphytes? Field Evidence for Flexible Substrate Use in Tropical Cloud Forest Plants"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1865-9095","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Judith","family":"Carmona\u2010Higuita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology University of Marburg  Marburg Germany"},{"name":"Marburg Center for Biodiversity Monitoring and Modelling University of Marburg  Marburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan Philipp","family":"Gerber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology University of Marburg  Marburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helena","family":"Bertelmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology University of Marburg  Marburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Mar\u00eda","family":"Benavides","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jard\u00edn Bot\u00e1nico de Medell\u00edn  Medell\u00edn Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edith Rosario","family":"Clemente Arenas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Biological Sciences National University of San Marcos  Lima Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jhon Fernando","family":"Taborda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jard\u00edn Bot\u00e1nico de Medell\u00edn  Medell\u00edn Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"M\u00e9ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology University of Marburg  Marburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Glenda","family":"Mendieta Leiva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology University of Marburg  Marburg Germany"},{"name":"Biodiversity Research Institute (IMIB) University of Oviedo\u2010CSIC\u2010Principality of Asturias  Mieres Spain"},{"name":"Department of Organismal and Systems Biology University of Oviedo  Oviedo Asturias Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Zizka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology University of Marburg  Marburg Germany"},{"name":"Marburg Center for Biodiversity Monitoring and Modelling University of Marburg  Marburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.flora.2022.152107"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jbi.14137"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","volume-title":"Vascular Epiphytes: General Biology and Related Biota","author":"Benzing D. 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