{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T03:52:17Z","timestamp":1791431537225,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788825600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42377461"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42377461"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ecology and Evolution"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Grassland ecosystems provide substantial social and cultural value but are vulnerable to climate change and human activities. Large\u2010scale evidence on how climate and disturbance jointly affect above\u2010ground biomass (AGB), species richness, and their relationship remains limited. We conducted a meta\u2010analysis by compiling and standardizing plot\u2010level observations from 226 studies of Chinese grasslands. The final database contained 1192 records from 378 sites surveyed between 1982 and 2019, with matched climatic variables (mean annual temperature, annual precipitation, and radiation) and disturbance categories (grazing, mowing, and fencing). Random\u2010forest models identified disturbance, precipitation, and radiation as the strongest predictors of AGB, whereas temperature was the strongest predictor of species richness. AGB was higher under mowing and fencing than under grazing and declined with increasing grazing intensity; it also increased with local precipitation. Species richness was highest under mowing, followed by fencing and grazing, and was greatest under wetter conditions and moderate temperatures. Across the national dataset, AGB and species richness were linearly and positively related overall, although several plant formations showed a unimodal pattern. Heavy grazing weakened the linear relationship, whereas moderate grazing strengthened it. Our study provides a scientific basis for the management of grassland ecosystems under the influence of climate change and human activities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.74320","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T02:00:57Z","timestamp":1788919257000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of Climatic Factors and Disturbance on Plant Above\u2010Ground Biomass and Species Diversity of Chinese Grasslands: A Meta\u2010Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9561-9990","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenjie","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Teachers College Beijing Union University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Institute of Science and Technology Education Beijing Union University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanyuan","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Teachers College Beijing Union University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Institute of Science and Technology Education Beijing Union University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Ecology Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fangzheng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Ecology Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yilei","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Ecology Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junsheng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Command Center for Nature Resources Comprehensive Survey China Geological Survey  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600\u20100706.2002.960303.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0030\u20101299.2007.15327.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1204498"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02850"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102664.2007.01351.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1365\u20102745.70232"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/rs16020220"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/joc.3887"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00035\u2010015\u20100155\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms8148"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.1992.0028"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010019\u201013678\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2023.109204"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ele.12112"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/416427a"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ele.13151"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010024\u201048736\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1890\/12\u20101006.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600\u20100706.2003.11697.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/geb.12279"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13592\/j.cnki.ppj.2016.1014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agee.2022.107888"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","volume-title":"Vegetation Atlas of China (1:1000000)","author":"Editorial Committee of China Vegetation Map, C. 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