{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T02:51:56Z","timestamp":1791427916394,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":10,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006450","name":"Bureau of Reclamation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R20AC00027"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R20AC00027"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006450","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004813","name":"Department of Water Resources","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["4600015779"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["4600015779"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004813","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ecology and Evolution"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Understanding the salinity tolerance of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Helisoma anceps<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    is crucial for its application in aquaculture systems, particularly at the Fish Conservation and Culture Laboratory (FCCL), where the species is used to maintain water quality in Delta and Longfin Smelt culture tanks. This study investigated the effects of salinity and temperature on the survival, growth, and food intake of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>H. anceps<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    under non\u2010acclimated conditions. Adult snails were exposed to seven salinity levels (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5, and 15\u2009ppt) at two temperatures (12\u00b0C and 16\u00b0C) for 42\u2009days, and survival, growth, and feeding rates were analyzed using Kaplan\u2013Meier survival analysis and linear mixed\u2010effects models. Results showed complete mortality at \u2265\u200910\u2009ppt within 48\u2009h, identifying a salinity tolerance limit between 7.5 and 10\u2009ppt. Growth and food intake significantly declined with increasing salinity, while temperature modulated these effects, with higher activity and food intake observed at 16\u00b0C. Shell volume\u2010specific growth rate (SVSGR) was more sensitive to salinity stress than shell length\u2010specific growth rate (SLSGR), reflecting reduced calcification efficiency under hyperosmotic conditions. The findings classify\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>H. anceps<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    as a stenohaline species with limited osmoregulatory capacity and suggest that its optimal performance occurs within 0\u20135\u2009ppt salinity at 16\u00b0C. These insights provide a physiological basis for managing\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>H. anceps<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    in smelt hatchery systems and highlight the need for careful salinity control to sustain its ecological function in aquaculture operations.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.74343","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T13:25:29Z","timestamp":1789133129000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of Salinity and Temperature on Survival, Growth, and Food Intake of Ramshorn Snail (\n                    <i>Helisoma anceps<\/i>\n                    )"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Szu\u2010Han","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering University of California, Davis  Davis California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9618-5887","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tien\u2010Chieh","family":"Hung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering University of California, Davis  Davis California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/conphys\/coac089"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jembe.2015.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","first-page":"219","article-title":"The Effect of Light Intensity, Alga Concentration, and Prey Density on the Feeding Behavior of Delta Smelt Larvae","volume":"39","author":"Baskerville\u2010Bridges B.","year":"2004","journal-title":"American Fisheries Society Symposium"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v067.i01"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","first-page":"13","article-title":"Effects of Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) and Elevated Salinity on Growth, Reproduction, and Movement of \n                     Physa acuta","volume":"23","author":"Baudrix J.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1024597832095"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","volume-title":"Freshwater Snails of North America","author":"Burch J. 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