{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T03:49:49Z","timestamp":1791431389317,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790208000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":23,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ecology and Evolution"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Diet is an important ecological variable that has contributed significantly to the evolution of snakes, yet the diets of many species are still poorly known. Here, we report for the first time observations of the arid\u2010adapted\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Echis omanensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    feeding on fish. On two occasions we observed adults of this species preying on\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Garra barreimiae<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    in drying pools in the United Arab Emirates. In one case, a snake was seen ingesting a fish in Wadi Shawka, Ras Al Khaimah, and in another, an individual was observed actively searching for and capturing fish in Wadi Wurrayah, Fujairah. These records provide direct evidence that\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>E. omanensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    can opportunistically exploit fish as prey in ephemeral freshwater habitats. To place these observations in context, we reviewed primary and non\u2010primary sources to identify 14 fish\u2010eating species in the Viperidae family. This review alludes to fish as rare, seasonal or region\u2010specific prey among vipers. More broadly, these findings underscore the value of natural history observations for documenting unusual prey in snakes.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.74371","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T01:45:38Z","timestamp":1790300738000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Fish Buffet: Dietary Observations in the Oman Saw\u2010Scaled Viper (\n                    <i>Echis omanensis<\/i>\n                    ), with a Review of Fish\u2010Eating Vipers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6012-4943","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Theo","family":"Busschau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"New York University Abu Dhabi  Abu Dhabi UAE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8730-1443","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arabella","family":"Willing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emirates Nature \u2013 WWF  Abu Dhabi UAE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Borja","family":"de las Heras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Researcher  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9608-6014","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rami","family":"Khashab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Arts and Sciences Lebanese International University  Matn Lebanon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdul Nasser","family":"Obeidat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fujairah Environment Authority  Fujairah UAE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3183-9565","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Altaf","family":"Habib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emirates Nature \u2013 WWF  Abu Dhabi UAE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Gardner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emirates Nature \u2013 WWF  Abu Dhabi UAE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09397140.2024.2411744"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-31684-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1477200003001294"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21564574.2024.2407837"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2009.0048"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.33256\/hb158.3234"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","volume-title":"Reptiles & Amphibians of the Hajar Mountains","author":"Burriel\u2010Carranza B.","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biolinnean\/blac008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.21617"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2020.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1565297"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","first-page":"234","article-title":"Bothrops leucurus\n                   (Jararaca\/Bahia Lancehead). Diet","volume":"41","author":"De Freitas M. A.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Herpetological Review"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","first-page":"36","article-title":"Pseudocerastes urarachnoides\n                  : The Ambush Specialist","volume":"27","author":"M\u00e1rmol G. M.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Boletin de la Asociacion Herpetologica Espanola"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","first-page":"835","article-title":"First Record of Attempted Piscivory by \n                     Bothrops asper\n                   (Garman, 1883) (Squamata, Viperidae) on a Swamp Eel, Genus Synbranchus","volume":"11","author":"D\u00edaz\u2010Ricaurte J. C.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Herpetological Notes"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","volume-title":"Snakes of Arabia: A Field Guide to the Snakes of the Arabian Peninsula and Its Shores","author":"Egan D.","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","first-page":"192","volume-title":"The Natural History of Fujairah","author":"Feulner G. 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Diet and Scavenging","volume":"51","author":"Kodama T.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Herpetological Review"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","volume-title":"Biology of Pitvipers 3","author":"Kodoma T.","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/IOB\/OBAE040"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","first-page":"769","article-title":"Challenges and Opportunities in the Study of Snake Diets","volume":"52","author":"Maritz B.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Herpetological Review"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7717\/PEERJ.9485\/SUPP\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2015.2182"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","first-page":"61","article-title":"Bothrops atrox\n                   (Common Lancehead). Prey","volume":"34","author":"Oliveira M. 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