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We conducted camera\u2010trap monitoring of mammal communities in the Koh Kapik Ramsar Site and Peam Krasop Wildlife Sanctuary, coastal Cambodia, from 2017 to 2023. We deployed cameras at 20\u201330 sites per year, adding up to a total of 156 sites. Using a multi\u2010species hierarchical occupancy framework, we estimated baseline occupancy and detection probabilities, habitat associations, anthropogenic effects, and temporal trends for eight mammal species. Endangered long\u2010tailed macaque (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Macaca fascicularis<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ) and Vulnerable fishing cat (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Prionailurus viverrinus<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ) showed the highest occupancy probabilities, whereas Endangered hairy\u2010nosed otter (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Lutra sumatrana<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ) and Critically Endangered Sunda pangolin (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Manis javanica<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ) had consistently low and uncertain occupancy. Detection probability varied markedly among species, with smooth\u2010coated otter (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Lutrogale perspicillata<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ) being the most detectable. Species exhibited contrasting habitat associations, with fishing cats selecting back and fringe mangroves, hairy\u2010nosed otters associated with riverine mixed mangroves, and large\u2010spotted civets (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Viverra megaspila<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ) favoring\n                    <jats:italic>Melaleuca<\/jats:italic>\n                    swamp forests. Occupancy increased with tree cover across the community, while responses to distance from villages differed among species, indicating both tolerance and avoidance of human activity. Temporal trend analyses suggest declines in occupancy for several threatened species, including long\u2010tailed macaque, fishing cat, smooth\u2010coated otter, and large\u2010spotted civet. Our results highlight the importance of mangrove\u2010associated habitats and forest cover for mammal persistence and provide one of the first community\u2010level baselines for evaluating and guiding conservation actions in Southeast Asian mangrove landscapes.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.74391","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T03:57:52Z","timestamp":1789963072000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Occupancy Baselines and Temporal Trends of Threatened Mammal Communities in Southeast Asian Mangroves"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-5460-8129","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vanessa","family":"Herranz Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Conservation Ecology Program, School of Bioresources and Technology King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi  Bangkok Thailand"},{"name":"Fishing Cat Ecological Enterprise Co. Ltd.  Phnom Penh Cambodia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reaksmey","family":"Sophatt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fishing Cat Ecological Enterprise Co. Ltd.  Phnom Penh Cambodia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vichet","family":"Roth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fishing Cat Ecological Enterprise Co. Ltd.  Phnom Penh Cambodia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6245-7725","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naruemon","family":"Tantipisanuh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Conservation Ecology Program, Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6988-1625","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"George Andrew","family":"Gale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Conservation Ecology Program, School of Bioresources and Technology King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0607-6973","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Jim\u00e9nez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Recursos Cineg\u00e9ticos (IREC, CSIC\u2010UCLM\u2010JCCM)  Ciudad Real Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13364-020-00532-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/esr01322"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10618600.1998.10474787"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/brv.13152"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rse2.48"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","unstructured":"Challender D. D. H. A.Willcox E.Panjang et\u00a0al.2019.\u201cManis javanica. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019: e.T12763A123584856.\u201dhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.2305\/IUCN.UK.2019\u20103.RLTS.T12763A123584856.en."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","first-page":"96","article-title":"Current Distribution and Conservation Status of Small Carnivores in Thailand: A Baseline Review","volume":"51","author":"Chutipong W.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Small Carnivore Conservation"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","unstructured":"Cutter P.2014.\u201cFishing Cat Ecology: Food Habits Home Ranges Habitat Use and Mortality in a Human\u2010Dominated Landscape Around Khao Sam Roi Yot Area Peninsular Thailand.\u201dMaster's thesis University of Minnesota."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","volume-title":"An Integrated Assessment for Preliminary Zoning of Peam Krasop Wildlife Sanctuary, Southwestern Cambodia","author":"Dara A.","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/csp2.12892"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41893-023-01115-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1198\/016214505000000015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1890\/0012-9658(2006)87[842:ESRAAB]2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","unstructured":"Duckworth J. W. R. J.Timmins A. U.Choudhury et\u00a0al.2024.\u201cParadoxurus hermaphroditus(Amended Version of 2016 Assessment). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2024: e.T41693A259352474.\u201dhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.2305\/IUCN.UK.2024\u20102.RLTS.T41693A259352474.en."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","unstructured":"FCEE.2026.\u201cEndangered Mammals Recorded in Koh Kong Protected Area for First Time.\u201dhttps:\/\/phnompenhpost.com\/national\/endangered\u2010mammals\u2010recorded\u2010in\u2010koh\u2010kong\u2010protected\u2010area\u2010for\u2010first\u2010time\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aal4463"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcosc.2023.1057438"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511974434.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","unstructured":"Hansen M. F. A.Ang A.Fuentes andV.Nijman.2025.\u201cMacaca fascicularis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2025: e.T12551A273015436.\u201dhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.2305\/IUCN.UK.2025\u20102.RLTS.T12551A273015436.en."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","first-page":"102","article-title":"The Hairy\u2010Nosed Otter \n                     Lutra sumatrana\n                   in Cambodia: Distribution and Notes","volume":"2016","author":"Heng S.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cambodian Journal of Natural History"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","unstructured":"Herranz Mu\u00f1oz V. P.Neak N.Furey et\u00a0al.2024.\u201cMangrove Biodiversity Survey Report Peam Krasop and Koh Kapik.\u201dFauna & Flora and Fishing Cat Ecological Enterprise in Collaboration With the Ministry of Environment of Cambodia."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","article-title":"The Fishing Cat in the Kingdom of Water: First Review of Presence, Population Size, Distribution and Conservation in Cambodia","author":"Herranz Mu\u00f1oz V.","year":"2026","journal-title":"Oryx"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gecco.2026.e04217"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","first-page":"16","article-title":"Small Carnivore Records From the Cardamom Mountains, Southwestern Cambodia","volume":"40","author":"Holden J.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Small Carnivore Conservation"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0030605319001455"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","first-page":"19","article-title":"Camera\u2010Trap Evidence of Large\u2010Spotted Civet \n                     Viverra megaspila\n                   in Khao Ang Rue Nai Wildlife Sanctuary and Khao Yai National Park, Thailand","volume":"42","author":"Jenks K. E.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Small Carnivore Conservation"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/PC25083"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","volume-title":"Coastal Mangrove Forest Devastation and Channel Sedimentation, Koh Kong Province","author":"Kastl B.","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","unstructured":"Kellner K.2020.\u201cjagsUI: A Wrapper Around \u201cRjags\u201d to Streamline \u201cJAGS\u201d Analyses.\u201dR Package Version 1.5.1.9100."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","volume-title":"Applied Hierarchical Modeling in Ecology. Analysis of Distribution, Abundance and Species Richness in R and BUGS. Volume 2. Dynamic and Advanced Models","author":"K\u00e9ry M.","year":"2021"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","first-page":"171","article-title":"Population Structure, Distribution, and Habitat Use of Smooth\u2010Coated Otters \n                     Lutrogale perspicillata\n                   in Singapore","volume":"35","author":"Khoo M. D. 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European Union's Copernicus Land Monitoring Service Information.https:\/\/browser.dataspace.copernicus.eu."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000339810"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/303189"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gecco.2024.e03232"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cosust.2023.101359"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gecco.2021.e01615"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gecco.2025.e03524"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/PC25061"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s42991\u2010026\u201000615\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","unstructured":"Plummer M.2003.\u201cJAGS: A Program for Analysis of Bayesian Graphical Models Using Gibbs Sampling.\u201d"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","volume-title":"QGIS Geographic Information System","author":"QGIS.org","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","volume-title":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing","author":"R Core Team","year":"2026"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1461-0248.2009.01347.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010018\u201019985\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_53_1","first-page":"143","volume-title":"The Mekong","author":"Rundel P. 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The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T41707A45220097.\u201dhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.2305\/IUCN.UK.2016\u20101.RLTS.T41707A45220097.en."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11222-016-9696-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_66_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Pareto Smoothed Importance Sampling","volume":"25","author":"Vehtari A.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Machine Learning Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/tbed\/6632068"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocon.2009.11.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3897\/BDJ.11.e99588"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-87458-6"}],"container-title":["Ecology and Evolution"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ece3.74391","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ece3.74391","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ece3.74391","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T03:14:50Z","timestamp":1791429290000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ece3.74391"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":69,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ece3.74391"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ece3.74391","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.22541\/authorea.15004025\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2045-7758","2045-7758"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-7758","type":"print"},{"value":"2045-7758","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-05-28","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-09","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-20","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e74391"}}