{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T23:45:26Z","timestamp":1791762326826,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791676800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":10,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ecology and Evolution"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Sustainability education on college campuses can leverage interdisciplinary collaborations between facilities services, sustainability offices, environmental studies researchers, and students to provide hands\u2010on opportunities for place\u2010based learning. In an effort led by student researchers that could be replicated in academic practice at other academic institutions, we collaborated across campus groups to improve campus landscaping and turfgrass management. Turfgrass is an ideal cover for high\u2010traffic areas and recreation, but is energy intensive to maintain, inefficient at carbon sequestration, and requires fertilizing which contributes to nutrient pollution. Here, we outline a student\u2010led research effort that combined experiential learning, using a college campus as a \u201cliving laboratory,\u201d and an ecosystem services case study to advance not only campus sustainability goals but also provide a rigorous research opportunity for undergraduates. Supported by a collaborative, multi\u2010office team at Macalester College, students provided recommendations on campus land management practices that would increase a multi\u2010faceted suite of sustainability goals. Student researchers used geospatial data to measure campus land cover types then adapted an easily accessible ecosystem model, i\u2010Tree, to quantify changes to ecosystem services due to converting strategic parcels of lawn to native plant beds or trees. Based on model results, students proposed increasing Macalester's tree cover to 30% campus area and converting 6381 m\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    of lawn to low\u2010input native gardens. These landscape changes were modeled to sequester 26.3 tons of carbon year\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    for a value of USD $521\u2009year\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    and remove air pollutants, a health benefit valued at USD $1034\u2009year\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    . This proposal balanced campus climate and environmental sustainability goals, Facilities' labor and economic constraints, and landscaping use goals. This use case of a college campus as a \u201cliving laboratory\u201d offers a novel case study that empowered undergraduates and can be adapted to similar campuses that integrate the work and expertise of multiple students, faculty, and staff.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.74486","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T23:09:05Z","timestamp":1791760145000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sustainable Landscaping and Sustainability Education on a College Campus: A Case Study in Place\u2010Based, Collaborative Ecosystem Science"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5373-7933","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christine S.","family":"O'Connell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Studies Macalester College  St. Paul Minnesota USA"},{"name":"Schmid College of Science and Technology Chapman University  Orange California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shannon","family":"Hahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Studies Macalester College  St. Paul Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evelyn","family":"Jauregui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Studies Macalester College  St. Paul Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael V.","family":"Frazier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facilities Services Macalester College  St. Paul Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anika R.","family":"Bratt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Studies Macalester College  St. Paul Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary A.","family":"Heskel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Macalester College  St. Paul Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Megan","family":"Butler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sustainability Office Macalester College  St. Paul Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christie M.","family":"Manning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Studies Macalester College  St. Paul Minnesota USA"},{"name":"Sustainability Office Macalester College  St. Paul Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1007\/s11252-006-0014-3","article-title":"Effect of Consumption Choices on Fluxes of Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus Through Households","volume":"10","author":"Baker L. 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