{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T16:45:37Z","timestamp":1792601137872,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791936000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ecology and Evolution"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Accurate estimation of species distribution and abundance depends on detection probability, which can vary with environmental conditions. For amphibians, calling activity and detectability are strongly influenced by diel, seasonal and weather conditions. However, these relationships remain poorly quantified for many species, limiting the optimisation of survey planning. We used passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) to investigate environmental factors of call detection in the endangered Romer's tree frog (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Liuixalus romeri<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ) in Hong Kong. Acoustic data were collected continuously across multiple sites to quantify the effects of time of day, season and weather variables on detection probability. We further compared PAM detections with active call surveys to assess concordance between methods. Detection probability exhibited strong diel and seasonal patterns, peaking during the wet season (June\u2013August) and at night, with highest detection probability during early evening (20:00\u201322:00) and a secondary peak before dawn (03:00\u201304:00). Rainfall effects varied across the diel cycle, with positive effects during peak calling periods but negative or neutral effects at other times. Detection probability showed a non\u2010linear relationship with temperature, peaking at approximately 27.5\u00b0C, and declined with increasing wind speed. Agreement between PAM and active call surveys was moderate (Cohen's Kappa\u2009=\u20090.47), with concordant call agreement for 73% of survey nights. This indicates that the two methods are complementary rather than interchangeable. Based on these findings, we recommend conducting manual surveys during peak activity periods (June\u2013August, 20:00\u201322:00), under conditions of low wind and following recent rainfall. PAM provides a valuable tool for continuous monitoring and detecting temporal changes in call detection, while manual surveys remain important for estimating abundance. Integrating both approaches can improve monitoring protocols for\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>L. romeri<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    and other amphibians.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.74491","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T01:17:06Z","timestamp":1792027026000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Optimising Survey Strategies for the Endangered Romer's Tree Frog (\n                    <i>Liuixalus romeri<\/i>\n                    ): Effects of Diel, Seasonal and Weather Variation on Acoustic Detection"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0026-8624","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yik\u2010Hei","family":"Sung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health, Sciences and Society University of Suffolk  Ipswich UK"},{"name":"Division of Science, Wu Jieh Yee School of Interdisciplinary Studies Lingnan University  Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy Wing Lam","family":"Fok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Science, Wu Jieh Yee School of Interdisciplinary Studies Lingnan University  Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiu Ching","family":"Yuen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Science, Wu Jieh Yee School of Interdisciplinary Studies Lingnan University  Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franco Ka Wah","family":"Leung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Science and Engineering James Cook University  Townsville Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael Wai\u2010neng","family":"Lau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hong Kong Wetlands Conservation Association  Hong Kong SAR China"},{"name":"School of Biological Sciences The University of Hong Kong  Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia Huan","family":"Liew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Natural Sciences University of Tasmania  Hobart Tasmania Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon Yung Wa","family":"Sin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological Sciences The University of Hong Kong  Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3648-6730","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan J.","family":"Fong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Science, Wu Jieh Yee School of Interdisciplinary Studies Lingnan University  Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","unstructured":"Agriculture Fisheries & Conservation Department.2022.\u201cRomer's Tree Frog (Liuixalus romeri) Species Action Plan 2022\u20132027.\u201dhttps:\/\/bih.gov.hk\/filemanager\/newsletter\/en\/upload\/33\/Romers_Tree_Frog_SAP_2022\u20102027.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.103"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","unstructured":"AmphibiaWeb.2022.\u201cLiuixalus Romeri: Romer's Treefrog.\u201dhttps:\/\/amphibiaweb.org\/species\/4450."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748\u20101090.2007.00034.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10661\u2010021\u201009424\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2021.107750"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2020.106852"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.32614\/RJ-2017-066"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1214\/ss\/1009213286"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aec.12959"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","volume-title":"A Field Guide to the Amphibians of Hong Kong","author":"Chan S. 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