{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,11]],"date-time":"2026-11-11T08:21:40Z","timestamp":1794385300777,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":153,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791936000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ecology and Evolution"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Giant clams are some of the largest bivalve mollusks. They form a vital partnership with Symbiodiniaceae dinoflagellates that supply most of their energetic requirements. However, the factors that shape giant clam\u2010associated photosymbiont communities remain unknown. Here, we profiled Symbiodiniaceae communities using ITS2 metabarcoding in eight giant clam species (\n                    <jats:italic>Hippopus hippopus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>H. porcellanus<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Tridacna crocea<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>T. derasa<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>T. gigas<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>T. maxima<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>T. noae<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>T. squamosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ) from 11 sites across the Philippine archipelago. Symbiodiniaceae community structure was shaped by an interplay between giant clam host and environment. Most giant clams were dominated by members of a single symbiont genus, with\n                    <jats:italic>Cladocopium<\/jats:italic>\n                    as the most prevalent, followed by\n                    <jats:italic>Durusdinium<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Symbiodinium<\/jats:italic>\n                    . However, giant clam hosts also exhibited flexibility in their symbiotic partners that was evident across sites. Differences in giant clam\u2010associated symbiont communities may contribute to differences in holobiont function and adaptability to variable environments. These findings deepen our understanding of giant clam\u2010Symbiodiniaceae associations, offering a framework for predicting how giant clams may be affected by increasingly stressful reef conditions and, more importantly, informing strategies to improve mariculture and conservation practices.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.74492","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T00:28:01Z","timestamp":1792024081000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Host and Environment Shape the Giant Clam\u2010Associated Photosymbiont Community"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-8472-7731","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John Bennedick","family":"Quijano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Marine Science Institute University of the Philippines Diliman  Quezon City Philippines"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5377-2459","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kuselah M.","family":"Tayaban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marine Science Institute University of the Philippines Diliman  Quezon City Philippines"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7730-1061","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jake Ivan P.","family":"Baquiran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marine Science Institute University of the Philippines Diliman  Quezon City Philippines"},{"name":"Graduate School of Engineering and Science University of the Ryukyus  Nishihara Okinawa Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2955-289X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriella Juliane","family":"Maala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marine Science Institute University of the Philippines Diliman  Quezon City Philippines"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3727-9124","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeremiah Noelle C.","family":"Requilme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marine Science Institute University of the Philippines Diliman  Quezon City Philippines"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5017-1751","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sherry Lyn G.","family":"Sayco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marine Science Institute University of the Philippines Diliman  Quezon City Philippines"},{"name":"Department of Biology and Environmental Science, College of Science University of the Philippines Cebu  Cebu City Philippines"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3863-3968","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roger G.","family":"Dolorosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Fisheries and Natural Sciences Western Philippines University\u2014Puerto Princesa Campus  Puerto Princesa Palawan Philippines"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5207-2378","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick C.","family":"Cabaitan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marine Science Institute University of the Philippines Diliman  Quezon City Philippines"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3594-2810","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cecilia","family":"Conaco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marine Science Institute University of the Philippines Diliman  Quezon City Philippines"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.16190"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10499\u2010013\u20109634\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Distribution and Abundance of Giant Clams (Family Tridacnidae) in the South\u2010Central Philippines","volume":"33","author":"Alcala A. 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D.Gomez.1994.\u201cPhilippine Coral Reef Conservation: Its Significance to the South China Sea.\u201dProceedings of the Regional Conference of the East\u2010West Center Association 222\u2013229."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13199\u2010023\u201000901\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442\u20109993.2001.01070.pp.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1541\u20100420.2005.00440.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.177220"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010022\u201014503\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1529\u20108817.2000.00010.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0061048"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Baquiran J. I. P. N.Posadas M. A. L.Nada G. 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