{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T12:56:02Z","timestamp":1760705762489,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,24]],"date-time":"2022-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642982400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":23,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ecology and Evolution"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Diel activity patterns are an important aspect of wildlife ecology and evolution and provide valuable information for conservation and monitoring, yet for many species, activity patterns remain unstudied and may be presumed to mirror related taxa. Here, we describe the distinct diel patterns of an endemic population of venomous sea snakes <jats:italic>Hydrophis platurus xanthos<\/jats:italic> inhabiting a narrow range (circa 320\u00a0km<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) in Golfo Dulce, Costa Rica. To investigate, we conducted a systematic visual survey over five 24\u2010h cycles and evaluated 339\u00a0h of previously obtained sighting data from different studies spanning a decade. While sporadic diurnal surfacing does occur, mostly for respiration, our observations revealed marked crepuscular peaks with regular surfacing through the night. We also report on observed surface behaviors that were also found to vary in frequency at different phases of the photoperiodic cycle. In particular, we show feeding as more common at night. <jats:italic>Hydrophis platurus xanthos<\/jats:italic> has developed a circadian rhythm that differs noticeably from its taxonomic parent (<jats:italic>H. p. platurus<\/jats:italic> is reported as diurnal across its Indo\u2010Pacific range), and no congeners have been categorized as crepuscular. Our work thus contributes to the ecological knowledge of this evolutionarily distinct marine elapid and offers insights into the potential role of environmental conditions in shaping animal activity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.8436","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,25]],"date-time":"2022-01-25T05:19:15Z","timestamp":1643087955000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Safe from sunburn: The divergent diel pattern of a <i>Hydrophis<\/i> sea snake"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0272-3889","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brooke","family":"Bessesen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Reading  Reading UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5069-8900","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuela","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez\u2010Su\u00e1rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Reading  Reading UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,24]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"R package \u2018circular\u2019: Circular Statistics (version 0.4\u201093)","year":"2017","author":"Agostinelli C.","key":"e_1_2_9_2_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780198570875.001.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00634164"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749\u20106632.1984.tb23452.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0014\u20103820.2003.tb00324.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1890\/ES13\u201000382.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00377110"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","first-page":"22","article-title":"Geospatial and behavioral observations of a unique xanthic colony of pelagic sea snakes, Pelamis platurus, residing in Golfo Dulce, Costa Rica","volume":"43","author":"Bessesen B. 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