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We investigated how deer affect the size, cover, and metabolomes of four species in the understory of a suburban forest in central New Jersey, USA: the woody shrubs <jats:italic>Euonymus alatus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Lindera benzoin<\/jats:italic>, the tree <jats:italic>Nyssa sylvatica<\/jats:italic>, and the semi\u2010woody shrub <jats:italic>Rosa multiflora<\/jats:italic>. For each species, we compared plants in 38 16\u2009m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> plots with or without deer exclosure, measuring proportion cover and mean height after 6.5\u2009years of fencing. We scored each species in all plots for deer browsing over 8\u2009years and assessed selection by deer among the species. We did untargeted metabolomics by sampling leaves from three plants of each species in an equal number of fenced and unfenced plots, conducting chloroform\u2013methanol extractions followed by LC\u2013MS\/MS, and conducting statistical analysis on MetaboAnalyst. The proportion of a species browsed ranged from 0.24 to 0.35. <jats:italic>Nyssa sylvatica<\/jats:italic> appeared most selected by and susceptible to deer; in unfenced plots, both its cover and mean height were significantly lower. Only cover or height was lower for <jats:italic>E.\u00a0alatus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>L.\u00a0benzoin<\/jats:italic> in unfenced plots, while <jats:italic>R.\u00a0multiflora<\/jats:italic> height was greater. The metabolomic analysis identified 2333 metabolites, which clustered by species but not fencing treatment. However, targeted analysis of the top metabolites grouped by fencing for all samples and for each species alone and was especially clear in <jats:italic>N.\u00a0sylvatica<\/jats:italic>, which also grouped by fencing using all metabolites. The most significant metabolites that were upregulated in fenced plants include some involved in defense\u2010related metabolic pathways, e.g., monoterpenoid biosynthesis. In overbrowsed suburban forests, variation of deer impact on species' ecological success, potentially mediated by metabolome\u2010wide chemical responses to deer, may contribute to changes in community structure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.9475","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,9]],"date-time":"2022-11-09T02:32:55Z","timestamp":1667961175000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Ecological and metabolomic responses of plants to deer exclosure in a suburban forest"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5332-9086","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janet A.","family":"Morrison","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology The College of New Jersey  Ewing New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0086-0532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melkamu","family":"Woldemariam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology The College of New Jersey  Ewing New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2019.00258"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523\u20101739.1988.tb00199.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006\u20103207(93)90713\u2010B"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11252\u2010014\u20100382\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3375\/043.031.0410"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3801981"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10530\u2010016\u20101063\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.221.4607.277"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev\u2010arplant\u2010050213\u2010040145"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5936\/csbj.201301009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1674\/0003\u20100031\u2010170.2.323"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003\u20102670(03)00060\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2018.01257"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41596\u2010021\u201000579\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.5729"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600\u20100706.2011.20305.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/x94\u2010219"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2014.00349"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bib\/bbw031"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2193\/0022\u2010541X(2005)069[0782:NETATE]2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.2377"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10886\u2010019\u201001130\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpbi.86"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118829783.ch8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ecolsys.35.021103.105725"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0237975"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/314163a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ppees.2011.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1525\/auk.2013.13007"},{"volume-title":"Metabolomics tools for natural product discovery","year":"2015","author":"Dias D. 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