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Ongoing and rapid environmental change necessitates improved understanding of the response of mosquito\u2010borne diseases to environmental factors like temperature, and novel approaches to mapping and monitoring risk. Recent development of trait\u2010based mechanistic models has improved understanding of the temperature dependence of transmission, but model predictions remain challenging to validate in the field. Using West Nile virus (WNV) as a case study, we illustrate the use of a novel remote sensing\u2010based approach to mapping temperature\u2010dependent mosquito and viral traits at high spatial resolution and across the diurnal cycle. We validate the approach using mosquito and WNV surveillance data controlling for other key factors in the ecology of WNV, finding strong agreement between temperature\u2010dependent traits and field\u2010based metrics of risk. Moreover, we find that WNV infection rate in mosquitos exhibits a unimodal relationship with temperature, peaking at ~24.6\u201325.2\u00b0C, in the middle of the 95% credible interval of optimal temperature for transmission of WNV predicted by trait\u2010based mechanistic models. This study represents one of the highest resolution validations of trait\u2010based model predictions, and illustrates the utility of a novel remote sensing approach to predicting mosquito\u2010borne disease risk.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ecy.4420","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,25]],"date-time":"2024-09-25T07:35:08Z","timestamp":1727249708000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Remote sensing of temperature\u2010dependent mosquito and viral traits predicts field surveillance\u2010based disease risk"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"105","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0172-7749","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew J.","family":"MacDonald","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bren School of Environmental Science &amp; Management, University of California  Santa Barbara California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Hyon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bren School of Environmental Science &amp; Management, University of California  Santa Barbara California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2594-3641","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samantha","family":"Sambado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology University of California  Santa Barbara California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kacie","family":"Ring","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology University of California  Santa Barbara California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Boser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bren School of Environmental Science &amp; Management, University of California  Santa Barbara California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/joc.3413"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","unstructured":"Barton K.2023.\u201cMuMIn: Multi\u2010Model Inference.\u201dhttps:\/\/CRAN.R-project.org\/package=MuMIn."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-9326\/ac3589"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2011.10-0134"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.32614\/RJ-2017-066"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.69630"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","unstructured":"Dewitz J. andUSGS.2021.\u201cNational Land Cover Database (NLCD) 2019 Products.\u201dhttps:\/\/data.usgs.gov\/datacatalog\/data\/USGS:60cb3da7d34e86b938a30cb9."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fink D. 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J.2024.\u201cData and Code For: Remote Sensing of Temperature\u2010Dependent Mosquito and Viral Traits Predicts Field Surveillance\u2010Based Disease Risk.\u201dZenodo.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5281\/zenodo.13344415.","DOI":"10.1002\/ecy.4420"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ele.13335"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ele.12015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2013.0561"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature20584"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","volume-title":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing","author":"R Core Team","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/32.4.490"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007213"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.58511"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-21706-2"}],"container-title":["Ecology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ecy.4420","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ecy.4420","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ecy.4420","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T12:32:19Z","timestamp":1771331539000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ecy.4420"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,25]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ecy.4420"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ecy.4420","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0012-9658","1939-9170"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0012-9658","type":"print"},{"value":"1939-9170","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-09-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-06-27","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-09-25","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e4420"}}