{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T00:36:21Z","timestamp":1792715781073,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,25]],"date-time":"2024-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732492800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32271548"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32271548"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ecology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>There remains considerable doubt, debate, and confusion regarding how biodiversity responds to gradients of important environmental drivers, such as habitat size, resource productivity, and disturbance. Here we develop a simple but comprehensive theoretical framework based on competition\u2013colonization multispecies communities to examine the separate and interactive effects of these drivers. Using both numerical simulations and analytical arguments, we demonstrate that the critical trade\u2010off between competitive and colonization ability can lead to complex nonlinear, zig\u2010zag responses in both species richness and the inverse Simpson index along gradients of these drivers. Furthermore, we find strong interactions between these drivers that can dramatically shift the response of biodiversity to these gradients. The zig\u2010zag patterns in biodiversity along ecological gradients, together with the strong interactions between the drivers, can explain the mixed findings of empirical studies and syntheses, thereby providing a new paradigm that can reconcile debates on the relationships between biodiversity and multiple drivers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ecy.4484","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,26]],"date-time":"2024-11-26T05:58:40Z","timestamp":1732600720000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Complex interactive responses of biodiversity to multiple environmental drivers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"Zeyu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Transboundary Ecosecurity of Southwest China, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion Prevention and Green Development, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology and Centre for Invasion Biology Institute of Biodiversity, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University  Kunming Yunnan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5580-4303","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan M.","family":"Chase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv)  Leipzig Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Computer Science, Martin Luther University Halle\u2010Wittenberg  Halle (Saale) Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Bearup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computing and Mathematical Sciences, University of Leicester  Leicester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9520-3235","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinbao","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Transboundary Ecosecurity of Southwest China, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion Prevention and Green Development, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology and Centre for Invasion Biology Institute of Biodiversity, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University  Kunming Yunnan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1941677"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1461-0248.2009.01282.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/f05-051"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1204498"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12080-008-0023-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ecm.1302"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8312.1991.tb00561.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1187512"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1890\/06-1117"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1890\/13-0133.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2531-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1890\/0012-9658(2001)082[2381:WITORB]2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/tpbi.1994.1013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.199.4335.1302"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1461-0248.2008.01253.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1890\/11-1861.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","first-page":"1832","volume-title":"Narrative of the Surveying Voyages of His Majesty's Ships Adventure and Beagle between the Years 1826 and 1836, Describing Their Examination of the Southern Shores of South America, and the Beagle's Circumnavigation of the Globe. 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