{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T20:04:58Z","timestamp":1783022698020,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]],"date-time":"2026-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768608000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ecology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    As a mechanism of the dilution effect, predation and filter feeding on parasitic propagules are hypothesized to reduce transmission to susceptible hosts and alter host\u2013parasite interactions. In marine systems, the effect of other community members on the disease dynamics of microparasites in their suitable hosts is poorly known. In a coastal estuarine host\u2013parasite system, we examined how eastern oysters,\n                    <jats:italic>Crassostrea virginica<\/jats:italic>\n                    , affect the transmission of a parasitic dinoflagellate,\n                    <jats:italic>Hematodinium perezi<\/jats:italic>\n                    , to juvenile blue crabs,\n                    <jats:italic>Callinectes sapidus<\/jats:italic>\n                    . We deployed juvenile blue crabs in custom mesh bags that were sandwiched by oysters into holo\u2010endemic areas, or areas with high endemic transmission for the parasite in juvenile hosts. Controls consisted of juvenile crabs deployed with an equivalent number of oyster shells to test for the effect of rugosity on transmission and crabs deployed alone. Deployments lasted 7\u201313\u2009days and were done over different temporal and spatial scales. Results from the field deployments suggest that oysters, not shells, reduced the probability of infection to crab hosts. To investigate consumption in the laboratory, single oysters in 1\u2009L aquaria were fed dinospores of\n                    <jats:italic>H. perezi<\/jats:italic>\n                    released from infected crabs. Oysters reduced parasite densities in the water at rates similar to those observed for a common phytoplankton,\n                    <jats:italic>Tetraselmis chui<\/jats:italic>\n                    , that is grown specifically as oyster food. Our results jointly support that oysters benefit adjacent community members through feeding on transmissive stages of their pathogens and highlight the need for additional field\u2010based approaches addressing environmental heterogeneity in pathogen transmission.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ecy.70281","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T07:49:12Z","timestamp":1768722552000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Filter feeding by oysters reduces disease transmission in a marine host\u2013parasite system"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"107","author":[{"given":"Xuqing","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia Institute of Marine Science  Gloucester Point Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David D.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia Institute of Marine Science  Gloucester Point Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire F.","family":"Limjoco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia Institute of Marine Science  Gloucester Point Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3381-6415","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maya L.","family":"Groner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences  East Boothbay Maine USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimberly S.","family":"Reece","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia Institute of Marine Science  Gloucester Point Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2658-4572","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeffrey D.","family":"Shields","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia Institute of Marine Science  Gloucester Point Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/aei00446"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.7823"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","unstructured":"Barto\u0144 K.2024.\u201cMuMIn: Multi\u2010Model Inference.\u201dR Package Version 1.48.4.https:\/\/CRAN.R-project.org\/package=MuMIn"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v067.i01"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolmodel.2016.02.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-013-3686-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/icw048"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2012.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen X. 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