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The aim was to investigate the effect of a 12\u2010week treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on glycaemic control assessed by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), HbA1c and fasting blood glucose in patients with T2D and newly detected OSA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In a randomized controlled multicentre study, 72 participants with T2D and moderate to severe OSA (78% male, age 62\u00a0\u00b1\u00a07, AHI 35\u00a0\u00b1\u00a015) were recruited from outpatient clinics in three Danish hospitals and were randomized to CPAP intervention or control. The main outcome was glycaemic control assessed by 6\u00a0days CGM at baseline and after 12\u2010week therapy, as well as by HbA1c and fasting blood glucose.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>No significant changes were found in average glucose levels, time in glucose range, time with hypoglycaemia, time with hyperglycaemia or coefficient of variability. HbA1c decreased 0.7\u00a0mmol\/mol (0.07%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.8) in the CPAP group and increased 0.8\u00a0mmol\/mol (0.08%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.6) in the control group (intergroup difference, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.6). Fasting blood glucose increased by 0.2\u00a0mmol\/L (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.02) in the CPAP group and by 0.4\u00a0mmol\/L (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.01) in the control group (intergroup difference, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.7). In a prespecified subgroup analysis comparing participants with high adherence (minimum usage of four hours\/night for 70% of all nights) to CPAP to the control group, no significant changes were observed either, although these participants had a tendency towards better glycaemic indices.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>CPAP treatment for 12\u00a0weeks does not significantly change glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes and OSA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/edm2.148","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,8]],"date-time":"2020-08-08T08:59:14Z","timestamp":1596877154000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Effect of 12\u2010week continuous positive airway pressure therapy on glucose levels assessed by continuous glucose monitoring in people with type 2 diabetes and obstructive sleep apnoea; a randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2070-2424","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne Margareta","family":"Bangh\u00f8j","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology Nordsj\u00e6llands Hospital Hiller\u00f8d Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoffer","family":"Krogager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark"},{"name":"Diagnostic Centre Regional Hospital Silkeborg Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter Lommer","family":"Kristensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology Nordsj\u00e6llands Hospital Hiller\u00f8d 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Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Per L\u00f8gstrup","family":"Poulsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus Denmark"},{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Glymer Kirkegaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sleep Disorders Clinic Elective Surgery Centre Regional Hospital Silkeborg Silkeborg Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Birger","family":"Thorsteinsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology Nordsj\u00e6llands Hospital Hiller\u00f8d Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen 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