{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T06:32:10Z","timestamp":1780727530577,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,6]],"date-time":"2021-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620259200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Endocrino Diabet &amp; Metabol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess the effects of alcohol and illicit drug use in young adults (age 18\u201335) with type 1 diabetes (T1D) on flash glucose monitor sensor glucose (SG) readings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty young adults with T1D were enrolled from a tertiary referral hospital outpatient department in Melbourne, Australia for a 6\u2010week prospective observational study using flash glucose monitoring (FGM). Glucometrics comparing substance using days (SUEDs) to those without substance use (non\u2010SUEDS) were analysed. The primary outcomes were the difference in mean SG values, its standard deviation and minutes\/24\u2010h period out of range (SG &lt;3.9\u00a0mmol\/L or &gt;10.0\u00a0mmol\/L) between matched SUEDs vs non\u2010SUEDs. An interaction model with the primary effect of HbA1c on SG values was also performed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were no differences in the primary outcome measures between SUEDS and non\u2010SUEDs. However, there were differences in the regression coefficients for HbA1c and glucometrics between non\u2010SUEDs and SUEDs for mean SG, time out of range and time with SG\u00a0&gt;\u00a010\u00a0mmol\/L. This difference was also identified between non\u2010SUEDS and days of \u226540\u00a0g alcohol for mean SG.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>While there was no difference between glucometrics for SUEDs and non\u2010SUEDs on primary outcomes, HbA1C was found to be a less reliable predictor of glucose patterns in the 24\u2010h period following substance use than control days. Young adults with T1D need to monitor and respond to their glucose levels following substance use and engage in harm minimisation practices irrespective of baseline glucose control.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/edm2.257","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,7]],"date-time":"2021-05-07T04:49:26Z","timestamp":1620362966000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Glucose patterns following alcohol and illicit drug use in young adults with type 1 diabetes: A flash glucose monitoring study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3468-9208","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam","family":"Pastor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Addiction Medicine St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne  Fitzroy Vic. Australia"},{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Melbourne  Parkville Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Conn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Melbourne  Parkville Vic. Australia"},{"name":"Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology Royal Melbourne Hospital  Parkville Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret","family":"Loh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne  Fitzroy Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Casey L","family":"O'Brien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mental Health Services St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne  Fitzroy Vic. Australia"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Melbourne  Parkville Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessie","family":"Teng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne  Fitzroy Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sue","family":"Finch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Melbourne  Parkville Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Collins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Addiction Medicine St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne  Fitzroy Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard J","family":"MacIsaac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Melbourne  Parkville Vic. 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