{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T20:36:54Z","timestamp":1761251814545,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,10]],"date-time":"2021-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628553600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Endocrino Diabet &amp; Metabol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Gustatory sweating (GS) is characterized by profuse sweating during or immediately after ingestion of food and is known as a complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). This study aimed to determine the prevalence of GS and to characterize the sweating in a cohort of patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T1DM and T2DM) as compared with a control group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In a cross\u2010sectional\u00a0study, 665 outpatients with T1DM and 505 outpatients with T2DM filled in an 8\u2010point questionnaire about GS. Answers were paired with medical data from the electronic patient records to explore associations with DM complications. The control group consisted of 1158 persons without DM answering the same questionnaire in an online version.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In people with T1DM and T2DM, the prevalence of GS was 10% (95% CI 7%\u201312%) and 13% (95% CI 10%\u201316%), respectively. In the control group, the prevalence of GS was 5% (95% CI 3%\u20136%). Most commonly, people sweat on the face and\/or head and upper body with a duration of 10\u201330\u00a0min albeit in the control group &lt;10\u00a0min. In patients with T1DM, increased HbA1c was associated with GS (OR 1.3 [95% CI 1.05\u20131.6], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.016), and in T2DM, younger age (OR 0.95 [95% CI 0.92\u20130.99), <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.006), presence of severe peripheral neuropathy (OR 2.33 [95% CI 1.04\u20135.2], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.039) and absence of proliferative retinopathy were associated with GS (OR 0.22 [95% CI 0.07\u20130.71], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.011).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found the prevalence of gustatory sweating of 11% in a hospital\u2010based cohort of patients with T1DM and T2DM. This was twice as high as in non\u2010diabetic control persons. Associations between GS and known diabetes complications could only be demonstrated in T2DM. Compared with a control group without DM, odds for GS are higher in people with DM and age &gt;45.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/edm2.290","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,10]],"date-time":"2021-08-10T08:38:28Z","timestamp":1628584708000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Gustatory sweating in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Prevalence and risk factors"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7702-8595","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carina Kirstine","family":"Klarskov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology Nordsj\u00e6llands Hospital Hiller\u00f8d Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"von Rohden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology Nordsj\u00e6llands Hospital Hiller\u00f8d Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Birger","family":"Thorsteinsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology Nordsj\u00e6llands Hospital Hiller\u00f8d Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lise","family":"Tarnow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center Sj\u00e6lland Holb\u00e6k Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Lommer Kristensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology Nordsj\u00e6llands Hospital Hiller\u00f8d Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1954.sp005126"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc16-2042"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001250050677"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.159.8.877"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.5853.583"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9136(199605)13:5<493::AID-DIA62>3.0.CO;2-Q"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-91-1-130_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(96)90280-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.13901"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9136(199612)13:12<1033::AID-DIA280>3.0.CO;2-B"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-2977(00)00004-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","first-page":"431","article-title":"Observations sur les fistules du canal salivaire de Stenson","volume":"3","author":"Duphenix M","year":"1757","journal-title":"M\u00e9moires l'Acad\u00e9mie Royale Chirurgie"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","first-page":"97","article-title":"Le syndrome du nerf auriculo\u2010temporal","volume":"30","author":"Frey L","year":"1923","journal-title":"Rev Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.5072.688"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-200295030-00015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4236\/ijcm.2012.31008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.1G136"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.3.5874.291-b"},{"issue":"36","key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","first-page":"2200","article-title":"Vellykket behandling af diabetisk gustatorisk hyperhidrose med lokalappliceret glykopyrrolat","volume":"173","author":"Lund NS","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ugeskr Laeger"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(94)90270-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-89-2-223"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/201423"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2017-01922"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00016489950180865"}],"container-title":["Endocrinology, Diabetes &amp; 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