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GM regulates host metabolism by various mechanisms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This review aims to consolidate current information for physicians on the effect of GM on bone health. For this, an online search of the literature was conducted using the keywords gut microbiota, bone mass, osteoporosis, <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic> and sex steroid.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results and Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>There is a considerable degree of variation in bone mineral density (BMD) within populations, and it is estimated that a significant component of BMD variability is due to genetics. However, the remaining causes of bone mass variance within populations remain largely unknown. A well\u2010recognized cause of phenotypic variation in bone mass is the composition of the microbiome. Studies have shown that germ\u2010free (GF) mice have higher bone mass compared to conventionally raised (CR) mice. Furthermore, GM dysbiosis, also called dysbacteriosis, is defined as any alteration in the composition of the microbial community that has been colonized in the host intestine and associated with the development of bone diseases. For instance, postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) and diabetes. GM can be modulated by several factors such as genetics, age, drugs, food habits and probiotics. Probiotics are defined as viable bacteria that confer health benefits by modulating GM when administered in adequate quantity. <jats:italic>Lactobacillus rhamnosus<\/jats:italic> GG (LGG) is a great example of such a probiotic. LGG has been shown to regulate bone mass in healthy mice as well as ovariectomized (OVX) mice via two different mechanisms. This review will focus on the literature regarding the mechanism by which GM and probiotic LGG regulate bone mass in healthy mice as well as in OVX mice, a model of PMO.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/edm2.440","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,28]],"date-time":"2023-07-28T14:41:27Z","timestamp":1690555287000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Mechanism of action of gut microbiota and probiotic <i>Lactobacillus rhamnosus<\/i> GG on skeletal remodeling in mice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9012-5779","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdul Malik","family":"Tyagi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology CSIR\u2010CDRI  Lucknow 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