{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T12:34:02Z","timestamp":1791462842874,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,27]],"date-time":"2024-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708992000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Endocrino Diabet &amp;amp; Metabol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Insulin\u2010like growth factor\u20102 (IGF\u20102)\u2010mediated hypoglycemia is a rare yet clinically significant entity with considerable morbidity and mortality. Existing literature is limited and fails to offer a comprehensive understanding of its clinical trajectory, management and prognostication.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Systematic review of English\u2010language articles reporting primary patient data on IMH was searched using electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus and Embase) from any date up to 21 December 2022. Data were analysed in STATA\u201016.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The systematic review contains 172 studies, including 1 Randomised controlled trial, 1 prospective observational study, 5 retrospective observational studies, 150 case reports, 11 case series and 4 conference abstracts. A total of 233 patients were analysed, averaging 60.6\u2009\u00b1\u200917.1\u2009years in age, with comparable proportions of males and females. The commonest tumours associated with Insulin\u2010like Growth Factor\u20102\u2010mediated hypoglycaemia were fibrous tumours (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009124, 53.2%), followed by non\u2010fibrous tumours originating from the liver (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200921, 9%), hemangiopericytomas (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200920, 8.5%) and mesotheliomas (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200911, 4.7%). Hypoglycaemia was the presenting feature of NICT in 42% of cases. Predominant clinical features included loss of consciousness (26.7%) and confusion (21%). The mean IGF\u20102 and IGF\u20101 levels were 882.3\u2009\u00b1\u2009630.6\u2009ng\/dL and 41.8\u2009\u00b1\u200947.8, respectively, with no significant correlation between these levels and patient outcomes. Surgical removal was the most employed treatment modality (47.2%), followed by medication therapy. The recovery rate was 77%, with chronic liver disease (CLD) significantly associated with a poor outcome (OR: 7.23, P: 0.03). Tumours originating from fibrous tissues were significantly associated with recovery (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001). In the logistic regression model, CLD remained a significant predictor of poor outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This systematic review highlights that most non\u2010islet\u2010cell tumour\u2010hypoglycaemia (NICTH) is due to fibrous tumours. NICTs demonstrate a variable prognosis, which is fair if originating from fibrous tissue. Management such as octreotide, corticosteroids, diazoxide, embolization, radiotherapy and surgical resection have disparate success rates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/edm2.471","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,27]],"date-time":"2024-02-27T10:19:58Z","timestamp":1709029198000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["A systematic review of literature on <scp>Insulin\u2010like<\/scp> growth factor\u20102\u2010mediated hypoglycaemia in <scp>non\u2010islet<\/scp> cell tumours"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7121-8574","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fateen","family":"Ata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hamad General Hospital Hamad Medical Corporation  Doha Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hassan","family":"Choudry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine University Hospital of Coventry and Warwickshire (UHCW)  Coventry UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adeel Ahmad","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hamad General Hospital Hamad Medical Corporation  Doha Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"family":"Anum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Punjab Medical College\/Faisalabad Medical University  Faisalabad Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ibrahim","family":"Khamees","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine University of Missouri\u2010Kansas City  Kansas City Missouri USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anas","family":"Al\u2010sadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Hamad General Hospital Hamad Medical Corporation  Doha Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdelaziz","family":"Mohamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Hamad General Hospital Hamad Medical Corporation  Doha Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lujain","family":"Malkawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of infectious diseases University of Missouri\u2010Kansas City  Missouri USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esra'a","family":"Aljaloudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, Hamad General Hospital Hamad Medical Corporation  Doha Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_15_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2018.0113"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2022.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_4_1","volume-title":"Endotext","author":"Marisa ED","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-v98i10.39A"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B0-12-370879-6\/00453-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2019.00316"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12902-022-01175-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12902-020-0529-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ando.2012.04.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2013.49.5374"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2012-1033"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4183\/aeb.2022.232"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/4601484"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6823-14-49"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_16_1","unstructured":"AromatarisE MunnZ.JBI manual for evidence synthesis.2020.https:\/\/synthesismanual.jbi.global"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1445-2197.2003.02748.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d5928"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2006.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198812013192209"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-3382"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40842-017-0053-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/js.2018-00281"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jendso\/bvaa171"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-016-0895-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11154-022-09710-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2012.83"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-021-01895-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.49.4.557"}],"container-title":["Endocrinology, Diabetes &amp; Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/edm2.471","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]],"date-time":"2024-03-25T06:20:19Z","timestamp":1711347619000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/edm2.471"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,27]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/edm2.471"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/edm2.471","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2398-9238","2398-9238"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2398-9238","type":"print"},{"value":"2398-9238","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-12-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-01-21","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-02-27","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e00471"}}