{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T22:11:36Z","timestamp":1791670296651,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,27]],"date-time":"2024-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Endocrino Diabet &amp;amp; Metabol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Almost half of the US adult population has obesity, which predisposes to atherosclerosis and can lead to poor prognosis in coronary artery disease (CAD). We aim to identify CAD and obesity\u2010related mortality trends among adults in the United States stratified by age, sex, race and geographical location.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The CDC\u2010WONDER database was used to extract death certificate data for adults aged \u2265\u200925\u2009years. Crude mortality rates (CMR) and age\u2010adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 persons were calculated, and temporal trends were described by calculating annual percent change (APC) and the average APC (AAPC) in the rates using Joinpoint regression analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>From 1999 to 2022, a total of 273,761 CAD and obesity\u2010related deaths were recorded in the United States. The AAMR increased consistently from 1999 to 2018 (APC: 4.3, 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.4\u20134.9) and surged thereafter till 2022 (APC: 11.4; 95% CI: 7.7\u201319.1). During the COVID\u201019 pandemic (2020\u20132022), AAMR almost doubled that of the rest of the study period. Additionally, the AAMR for males was nearly twice that of females. Non\u2010Hispanic (NH) Blacks or African Americans displayed the highest AAMR, followed by NH Whites, Hispanic or Latino, and other NH populations. AAMRs showed minimal variation by census regions. Rural areas exhibited a higher AAMR (AAMR: 5.9, 95% CI: 5.8\u20135.9) than urban areas (AAMR: 4.4, 95% CI: 4.4\u20134.5).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>We observed increasing trends in CAD and obesity\u2010related deaths throughout the study period reaching a peak during the COVID\u201019 pandemic.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/edm2.70010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,27]],"date-time":"2024-10-27T12:59:16Z","timestamp":1730033956000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Trends and Disparities in Coronary Artery Disease and Obesity\u2010Related Mortality in the United States From 1999\u20132022"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9872-8224","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mushood","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Rawalpindi Medical University  Rawalpindi Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hira","family":"Javaid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Allama Iqbal Medical College  Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aimen","family":"Shafiq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Dow University of Health Sciences  Karachi Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5968-4538","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zain\u00a0Ali","family":"Nadeem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Allama Iqbal Medical College  Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Areeba","family":"Ahsan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Foundation University Medical College  Islamabad Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-6919-2803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdullah","family":"Nofal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Services Institute of Medical Sciences  Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raheel","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Heart &amp; Lung Institute Imperial College London  London UK"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology Royal Brompton Hospital  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahboob","family":"Alam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology The Texas Heart Institute, Baylor College of Medicine  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marat","family":"Fudim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Duke University Medical Center  Durham North Carolina USA"},{"name":"Duke Clinical Research Institute  Durham North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregg\u00a0C.","family":"Fonarow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ahmanson\u2010UCLA Cardiomyopathy Center, Division of Cardiology University of California Los Angeles  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mamas\u00a0A.","family":"Mamas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Keele Cardiovascular Research Group, Centre for Prognosis Research Keele University  Stoke\u2010On\u2010Trent UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2016.06.33"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2014.04.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000973"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.12.068"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2020.104095"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.122.028409"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.015293"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcrp.2024.200248"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2007.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"2013 NCHS Urban\u2010Rural Classification Scheme for Counties","volume":"166","author":"Ingram D. D.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vital and Health Statistics 2"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","first-page":"16","article-title":"Age Standardization of Death Rates: Implementation of the Year 2000 Standard","volume":"47","author":"Anderson R. N.","year":"1998","journal-title":"National Vital Statistics Reports"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","volume-title":"Statistical Methodology and Applications Branch, Surveillance Research Program","author":"Joinpoint Regression Program, Version 5.1.0","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyz273"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","first-page":"307","volume-title":"Advances in Pharmacology","author":"Meyer M. 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