{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T19:14:53Z","timestamp":1782414893694,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,8]],"date-time":"2025-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754611200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Endocrino Diabet &amp;amp; Metabol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study investigated the correlation between obesity\u2010related indices and diabetic nephropathy (DN) in patients with type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It aimed to provide a new predictive assessment tool for the clinic and a scientific basis for managing DN.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The data utilised in this study were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database, spanning 2007 to 2018. A total of 843 patients diagnosed with DN were included in the analysis. The association between obesity\u2010related indices and DN was investigated using multivariable logistic regression models. These relationships were further validated by restricted cubic spline (RCS) modelling.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that A Body Shape Index (ABSI), weight\u2010to\u2010waist index (WWI), body roundness index (BRI) and waist\u2010to\u2010height ratio (WHtR) levels were independently associated with DN. In particular, WWI, BRI, and WHtR levels were found to be independently associated factors with DN. Patients in the highest quartile of WWI, BRI, and WHtR exhibited a 1.19\u2010fold, 1.30 fold, and 1.30\u2010fold increased risk of DN, respectively, compared to patients in the lowest quartile. RCS analyses further confirmed the positive association between ABSI, WWI, BRI, and WHtR and DN. The ABSI offers incremental value in model predictive power for DN in patients with DM compared to other obesity\u2010related indices. As renal function deteriorates, BRI and WHtR show a significant negative correlation with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Compared with other obesity\u2010related indices, the ABSI offers incremental value in model predictive power for DN in patients with DM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/edm2.70087","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,9]],"date-time":"2025-08-09T06:38:27Z","timestamp":1754721507000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The Obesity\u2010Related Indices Are Useful for Predicting Diabetic Nephropathy in Patients With Type II Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Cohort Study of NHANES"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Wei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital  Xi'an People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-7613-9655","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xi'an XD Group Hospital  Xi'an People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2021.109119"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32374-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2023.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2024.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI165654"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1185317"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/1497449"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20120198"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14310\/horm.2002.1755"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.15598"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-018-0433-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-20317-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.20408"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09-1825"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-0288"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0039504"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0886022X.2021.1969247"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2024.1495792"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.1347"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc19-S011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2018.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2016.01.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2021.736073"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2022.11.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-35073-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.801582"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.13787"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867329666220806115518"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.719666"}],"container-title":["Endocrinology, Diabetes &amp; 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