{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T07:08:47Z","timestamp":1764832127258,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,13]],"date-time":"2025-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755043200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Endocrino Diabet &amp;amp; Metabol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To explore the relationship between serum high\u2010sensitivity C\u2010reactive protein (hs\u2010CRP), tissue necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 (TNF\u2010\u03b1) and 25\u2010Hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH) vitamin D) with albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a cross\u2010sectional study of 86 T2D patients divided into categories of with and without albuminuria based on the urine albumin\u2010to\u2010creatinine ratio (UACR). A 25(OH) vitamin D concentration\u2009\u2264\u200915\u2009ng\/mL was defined as vitamin D deficiency, within 15\u201330\u2009ng\/mL as vitamin D insufficiency, and\u2009&gt;\u200930\u2009ng\/mL as serum 25(OH) vitamin D sufficiency. A hs\u2010CRP level \u2264\u20092.5\u2009mg\/L was considered low, whereas a hs\u2010CRP level &gt;\u20092.5\u2009mg\/L was considered high. TNF\u2010\u03b1 was classified as low or high with an 8.2\u2009pg\/mL cutoff level based on receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. P values &lt;\u20090.05 were considered to be significantly associated with albuminuria.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Vitamin D deficiency was significantly more commonly observed among T2D patients with albuminuria than those without albuminuria (adjusted OR\u2009=\u20097.34, 95% CI\u2009=\u20092.3\u201323.6,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001). Higher serum TNF\u2010\u03b1 levels (TNF\u2010\u03b1\u2009&gt;\u20098.2\u2009pg\/mL) were more frequently associated with the presence of albuminuria in T2D patients (adjusted OR\u2009=\u20096.77, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.61\u201328.4;\n                      <jats:italic>p\u2009=<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u20090.009). Similarly, elevated serum hs\u2010CRP levels (hs\u2010CRP &gt;\u20092.5\u2009mg\/L) were more commonly found among patients with T2D and albuminuria than in those without (adjusted OR\u2009=\u20094.7, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.4\u201315.8;\n                      <jats:italic>p\u2009=<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u20090.012).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Vitamin D deficiency is a significant correlate of albuminuria in T2D patients, independent of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and basic inflammatory markers including hs\u2010CRP and TNF\u2010\u03b1. Moreover, serum hs\u2010CRP &gt;\u20092.5\u2009mg\/L and TNF\u2010\u03b1 &gt; 8.2\u2009pg\/mL were each individually associated with a significantly increased likelihood of albuminuria in T2D patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/edm2.70093","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,14]],"date-time":"2025-08-14T03:54:27Z","timestamp":1755143667000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association Between Serum Vitamin D and Albuminuria in Type 2 Diabetes Independent of Inflammatory Markers and Renal Function"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4987-4043","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Parisa","family":"Farshchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS)  Tehran 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Vali\u2010Asr Hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS)  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5114-3982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alireza","family":"Esteghamati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), Vali\u2010Asr Hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS)  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nasim Khajavi","family":"Rad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS)  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Soheil Karimpour","family":"Reyhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mechanical Engineering School University of Tehran  Tehran 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