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Our aim was to investigate the potential influence of metabolic factors on serum CDT levels and the predictive value of transferrin glycoforms for the development of type 2 diabetes in a general adult population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We measured serum CDT levels by capillary electrophoresis in 1516 individuals (median age 52\u2009years; 55.3% women) randomly selected from the general adult population of a municipality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Insulin resistance and the associated body mass index and diabetes modified the effect of alcohol consumption on CDT levels; i.e., CDT in heavy drinkers was lower in individuals with obesity than in lean counterparts and was also lower in people with diabetes than in normoglycaemic individuals. The relative abundance of transferrin glycoforms was not significantly associated with the development of type 2 diabetes after a mean follow\u2010up of 7.4\u2009years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There is an interaction between alcohol consumption and factors associated with insulin resistance in relation to transferrin sialylation. The sensitivity of CDT for detecting heavy alcohol consumption might be limited in people with obesity or diabetes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/edm2.70112","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T15:49:10Z","timestamp":1761234550000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Diabetes and Obesity Modify the Effect of Alcohol Consumption on Carbohydrate\u2010Deficient Transferrin"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9147-1757","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tom\u00e1s","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez\u2010Vidal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias\/University of Oviedo  Oviedo Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA)  Oviedo 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A Estrada Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"S\u00e1nchez\u2010Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Methods Group (RESMET), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Network for Research on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS\u2010ISCIII)  Santiago de Compostela Spain"},{"name":"Department of Primary Care A Estrada Primary Care Centre  A Estrada Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9681-1662","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco","family":"Gude","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Methods Group (RESMET), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Network for Research on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS\u2010ISCIII)  Santiago de Compostela Spain"},{"name":"ISCIII Support Platforms for Clinical Research, Health Research Institute of 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