{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T23:38:36Z","timestamp":1785368316055,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":113,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,14]],"date-time":"2026-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781395200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,14]],"date-time":"2026-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781395200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Endocrino Diabet &amp; Metabol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Metabolic diseases like type 2 diabetes and obesity share insulin resistance as a common feature, driven partly by mitochondrial dysfunction. Exercise\u2010induced extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as mediators of inter\u2010organ communication in metabolic regulation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To synthesize evidence on exercise\u2010induced EVs in mitochondrial adaptation and insulin sensitivity, and propose an integrative framework linking EV\u2010mediated communication to systemic metabolic benefits:<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Narrative synthesis of mechanistic, animal, EV transfer\/inhibition, translational, and human studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Exercise alters EV abundance and cargo, including mitochondrial proteins, metabolic enzymes, and microRNAs. These cargoes may activate energy\u2010sensing, NAD\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2010dependent, transcriptional, and post\u2010transcriptional pathways to enhance mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative metabolism. By improving substrate utilization and reducing lipotoxicity, mitochondrial ROS, ER stress, and inflammation, EV\u2010mediated mitochondrial adaptation may boost insulin sensitivity and insulin signaling. EV transfer\/inhibition studies support a contributory role for exercise\u2010induced EVs in glucose homeostasis, though evidence remains context\u2010dependent.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Exercise\u2010induced EVs may link exercise stimuli to mitochondrial adaptation and systemic insulin sensitivity. The proposed \u201cexercise\u2013EV\u2013mitochondrial adaptation\u2013insulin sensitivity\u201d framework offers a conceptual basis for understanding systemic metabolic adaptation and highlights translational potential for metabolic diseases. Future work should clarify causality, tissue specificity, pharmacokinetics, and standardization.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/edm2.70257","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T05:54:00Z","timestamp":1781502840000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Exercise\u2010Induced Extracellular Vesicles as Mediators of Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Insulin Sensitivity in Metabolic Adaptation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-0966-2014","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jian","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Xinjiang Vocational University  Urumqi City Xinjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9966-0062","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lei","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine  Changchun Jilin 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