{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T09:03:35Z","timestamp":1785229415885,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Endocrino Diabet &amp; Metabol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In Bangladesh, the prevalence of MAFLD patients is about 33.86%. Most of the patients with MAFLD are also strongly associated with hepatic and adipose tissue insulin resistance (IR). Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA\u2010IR) is a simple and useful method for evaluating insulin resistance and \u03b2 cell function.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This observational cross\u2010sectional study was carried out in the outpatient department of Hepatology, Bangladesh Medical University. The subjects were non\u2010alcoholic overweight patients with sonographic evidence of fatty liver disease aged 18\u2009years or above. Participants were subjected to a pre\u2010designed questionnaire including personal data. Assessment of medical history, physical examinations and investigations to measure IR were performed. Statistical analyses were carried out by using the SPSS version PC 26.0.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Majority of the participants, precisely 60% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 45.2, 73.6) had insulin resistance (IR) and median HOMA\u2010IR index was 2.85. Patients with acanthosis nigricans had significantly higher IR biochemically (Mean HOMA\u2010IR index; 5.79 vs. 2.89), which was significant statistically. No significant correlation was observed between HOMA\u2010IR and alternative metabolic markers, including METS\u2010IR, TG\/HDL\u2010c ratio and BMI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A high frequency (60%) of insulin resistance was found among overweight, non\u2010diabetic patients with MAFLD. This finding underscores the immense value of regular screening for hyperglycemia in this population. With the increasing burden of metabolic syndrome, early identification of IR would enable timely preventive interventions\u2014potentially slowing the progression to type 2 diabetes and consequently reducing subsequent risk of developing diabetes\u2010related complications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/edm2.70271","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T06:03:07Z","timestamp":1782972187000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Frequency of Insulin Resistance in Overweight Patients With Metabolic\u2010Associated Fatty Liver Disease (\n                    <scp>MAFLD<\/scp>\n                    ) at a Tertiary Healthcare Centre in Bangladesh"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-1189-0506","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md. Mohiuddin","family":"Rozaik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Bangladesh Medical University  Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-5048-4346","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md. Kawsar","family":"Uddin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Dhaka Medical College &amp; Hospital  Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1808-8816","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Syed Azmal","family":"Mahmood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Dhaka Medical College Hospital  Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5047-6300","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sadia Islam","family":"Sukonna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology &amp; Venerology Bangladesh Medical University  Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1929-9455","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tasnim","family":"Nafian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Bangladesh Medical University  Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-5221-0021","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kazi Ali","family":"Aftab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Bangladesh Medical University  Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-6204-0501","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Khaled Mahbub","family":"Murshed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Bangladesh Medical University  Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-8395-0898","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md Abul Kalam","family":"Azad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Bangladesh Medical University  Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9040387"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28431"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2010.01.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591\u2010018\u20100104\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006\u20100587"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo11030155"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20920"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","first-page":"17","article-title":"Association Between Non\u2010Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"1","author":"Sivapackianathan R.","year":"2010","journal-title":"International Journal of Hepatology"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2018\u201001808"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440\u20101746.2005.04086.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.ej12\u20100320"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/s0004\u201028032010000200009"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jgh3.12044"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","volume-title":"The Asia\u2010Pacific Perspective: Redefining Obesity and Its Treatment","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc22\u2010S002"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","volume-title":"Insulin Resistance","author":"Freeman A. M.","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572\u20100241.2007.01526.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4274\/Jcrpe.1127"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjdrc\u20102017\u2010000415"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2040\u20101124.2011.00113.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.05.064"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE\u201017\u20100883"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.08.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3329\/bmrcb.v47i2.57782"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4236\/jdm.2014.44040"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_352_16"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jod.jod_12_17"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7869\/tg.2012.86"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4172\/2155\u20106156.1000688"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15091944"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472\u20106823\u201013\u201047"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db09\u20100591"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12942\u2010019\u20100169\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/idoj.IDOJ_303_18"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38429.473310.AE"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EC\u201021\u20100414"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.52403\/ijrr.20210726"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889\u2010018\u20105209\u2010z"}],"container-title":["Endocrinology, Diabetes &amp; Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/edm2.70271","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/edm2.70271","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/edm2.70271","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T08:30:41Z","timestamp":1785227441000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/edm2.70271"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/edm2.70271"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/edm2.70271","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2398-9238","2398-9238"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2398-9238","type":"print"},{"value":"2398-9238","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-03-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-11","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-01","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70271"}}