{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T09:03:02Z","timestamp":1785229382637,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782950400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Endocrino Diabet &amp; Metabol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Achieving euglycemia in Glycogen Storage Diseases (GSD) depends on strict dietary adherence; however, intermittent monitoring frequently fails to detect rapid hypoglycemic excursions. This systematic review evaluates the clinical utility, accuracy and psychosocial impact of Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) across hepatic GSD subtypes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane Library (inception to December 2025) following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Eligible studies included randomized trials, cohorts and case series reporting CGM outcomes in hepatic GSD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirty\u2010one studies (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009323) met inclusion criteria, predominantly GSD Ia, Ib and III. CGM consistently identified asymptomatic hypoglycemia, with adult cohorts spending up to 12% of time below range (&lt;\u200970\u2009mg\/dL) despite normal spot checks. In interventional settings, CGM\u2010guided dietary titration improved Time in Range (e.g., 72%\u201386% in gene therapy trials) and reduced serum triglycerides and liver size. However, sensor performance showed a positive bias in the hypoglycemic range, potentially masking severe neuroglycopenia. Psychosocially, while CGM improved sleep quality scores, it introduced \u2018alarm fatigue\u2019 from false\u2010positive alerts.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Emerging evidence suggests that CGM may shift GSD management from reactive treatment to proactive stabilization. It offers superior sensitivity for detecting occult hypoglycemia and guiding therapy, though its utility is tempered by sensor inaccuracy at lower limits and the burden of constant surveillance. Future implementation requires subtype\u2010specific interpretation and sensors optimized for the hypoglycemic range.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/edm2.70274","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T06:36:06Z","timestamp":1783060566000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Glycogen Storage Diseases: A Systematic Review of Clinical Utility, Accuracy and Patient Outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Reihaneh","family":"Mohsenipour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Growth and Development Research Center, Children\u2019s Medical Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farzaneh","family":"Abbasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Growth and Development Research Center, Children\u2019s Medical Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryam Sadat","family":"Ghaderian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children\u2019s Medical Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-5373-2394","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asal Khalili","family":"Dehkordi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Growth and Development Research Center, Children\u2019s Medical Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7368-7208","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saeideh","family":"Abdolahpour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Growth and Development Research Center, Children\u2019s Medical Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-5663-2797","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kasra","family":"Akbari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Growth and Development Research Center, Children\u2019s Medical Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran 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