{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T13:33:47Z","timestamp":1780407227028,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768780800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3239,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,8]],"date-time":"2017-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1488931200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Giant cell myocarditis (GCM), a rapidly progressive inflammation of the myocardium, is associated with fulminant heart failure, refractory ventricular arrhythmias, and conduction system abnormalities. Few case reports have noted orbital myositis as the initial clinical presentation. Our case demonstrates a unique presentation of GCM with only ocular symptoms, which unlike prior studies, rapidly progressed to heart failure, tachyarrhythmias, and conduction disease. Our case necessitated quick recognition and treatment with mechanical support making this the first known case of GCM with successful placement of biventricular assist devices and ultimately with heart transplantation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.12141","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,8]],"date-time":"2017-03-08T04:26:55Z","timestamp":1488947215000},"page":"371-375","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Giant Cell Myocarditis Masquerading as Orbital Myositis with a Rapid, Fulminant Course Necessitating Mechanical Support and Heart Transplantation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Vinisha","family":"Garg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, UCLA Medical Center , Los Angeles, CA, 90095 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiyi","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, UCLA Medical Center , Los Angeles, CA, 90095 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reza","family":"Ardehali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, UCLA Medical Center , Los Angeles, CA, 90095 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janki","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, UCLA Medical Center , Los Angeles, CA, 90095 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tracy","family":"Huynh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, UCLA Medical Center , Los Angeles, CA, 90095 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olcay","family":"Aksoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, UCLA Medical Center , Los Angeles, CA, 90095 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026012115134317300_ehf212141-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2015-213759","article-title":"Giant cell myocarditis: a life-threatening disorder heralded by orbital myositis","author":"Ali","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"2026012115134317300_ehf212141-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.39.7.988","article-title":"Orbital myositis and giant cell myocarditis","volume":"39","author":"Klein","year":"1989","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2026012115134317300_ehf212141-bib-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(96)90656-8","article-title":"Orbital myositis, vitiligo, and giant cell myocarditis","volume":"35","author":"Stevens","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"2026012115134317300_ehf212141-bib-0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(94)31232-2","article-title":"Orbital polymyositis and giant cell myocarditis","volume":"101","author":"Leib","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"2026012115134317300_ehf212141-bib-0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1860","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199706263362603","article-title":"Idiopathic giant-cell myocarditis\u2014natural history and treatment. Multicenter Giant Cell Myocarditis Study Group Investigators","volume":"336","author":"Cooper","year":"1997","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026012115134317300_ehf212141-bib-0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.606","article-title":"Long-term outcome and its predictors in giant cell myocarditis","author":"Ekstrom","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026012115134317300_ehf212141-bib-0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(88)90505-4","article-title":"Giant cell myocarditis: an autoimmune disease?","volume":"115","author":"Humbert","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"2026012115134317300_ehf212141-bib-0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.112.969261","article-title":"Diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of giant-cell myocarditis in the era of combined immunosuppression","volume":"6","author":"Kandolin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circ Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026012115134317300_ehf212141-bib-0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1733","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2015.03.023","article-title":"Long-term risk of recurrence, morbidity and mortality in giant cell myocarditis","volume":"115","author":"Maleszewski","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2026012115134317300_ehf212141-bib-0010","first-page":"437","article-title":"Successful use of the Impella device in giant cell myocarditis as a bridge to permanent left ventricular mechanical support","volume":"38","author":"Suradi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Tex Heart Inst J"}],"container-title":["ESC Heart Failure"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fehf2.12141","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eschf\/article-pdf\/4\/3\/371\/66256898\/eschf_4_3_371.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eschf\/article-pdf\/4\/3\/371\/66256898\/eschf_4_3_371.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T20:18:33Z","timestamp":1769026713000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eschf\/article\/4\/3\/371\/8413101"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,8]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ehf2.12141","relation":{},"ISSN":["2055-5822"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2055-5822","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2016-10-13","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-01-17","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-03-08","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}