{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T18:05:03Z","timestamp":1771005903731,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768780800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3206,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,10]],"date-time":"2017-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1491782400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The two components of disability-adjusted life year (DALY), years of life lost (YLL) and years lived with disability (YLD), are underutilized in evaluating heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and in assessing the global burden of disease. We aim to describe both the direct (medical) and the indirect (morbidity and mortality) inpatient cost of congestive heart failure in a high-income non-Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development Middle Eastern country in relation to YLL and YLD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We used the World Health Organization's global burden of disease methodology to calculate DALY, YLL, and YLD in 174 consecutive prospectively enrolled New York Heart Association Classes II\u2013IV patients in a single-centre heart failure registry using a 0.4 disability weight and a 3% future age discount. We reported the cost of hospitalization, re-hospitalization, and non-invasive and invasive procedures per 1000 HFrEF patients in US dollars (USD). Expressing results as per 1000 HFrEF capita revealed a DALY of 1480 \u00b1 1909 vs. 2177 \u00b1 2547 in women and men, respectively. The costs per HFrEF capita in USD were $909.00 \u00b1 676.1 for a single-day hospital stay, $7999 per single hospitalization, $12 311 \u00b1 13 840 for annual hospitalizations, $20 486 \u00b1 22 068 for all-cause hospitalizations, and $37 355 \u00b1 49 336 from the time of diagnosis until death or recovery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this study, HFrEF imposed a substantial economic and disability burden on one non-Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development Middle Eastern country. However, men represented a higher economic burden than women.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.12156","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,10]],"date-time":"2017-04-10T04:33:18Z","timestamp":1491798798000},"page":"259-265","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Gender-Adjusted and Age-Adjusted Economic Inpatient Burden of Congestive Heart Failure: Cost and Disability-Adjusted Life-Year Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Khal","family":"Salem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiac Center, King Abdullah Medical City (KAMC) , Makkah ,","place":["Saudi, Arabia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Osama","family":"ElKhateeb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiac Center, King Abdullah Medical City (KAMC) , Makkah ,","place":["Saudi, Arabia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026012115132034400_ehf212156-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.004046","article-title":"The global burden of ischemic heart disease in 1990 and 2010: the Global Burden of Disease 2010 Study","volume":"129","author":"Moran","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"key":"2026012115132034400_ehf212156-bib-0002","volume-title":"Health statistics and information systems. 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