{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T16:15:47Z","timestamp":1790957747431,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768780800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2656,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,12]],"date-time":"2018-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1539302400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011725","name":"Servier","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011725","name":"Servier","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to evaluate the incidence and impact of cardiorenal anaemia syndrome (CRAS) on all-cause mortality in acute heart failure (AHF) patients stratified by left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) status in the Middle East.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data were analysed from 4934 consecutive patients admitted to 47 hospitals in seven Middle Eastern countries (Saudi Arabia, Oman, Yemen, Kuwait, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, and Bahrain) with AHF from February to November 2012. CRAS was defined as AHF with estimated glomerular filtration rate of &amp;lt;60 mL\/min and low haemoglobin (&amp;lt;13 g\/dL for men or &amp;lt;12 g\/dL for women). Analyses were performed using univariate and multivariate statistical techniques. The overall mean age of the cohort was 59 \u00b1 15 years, 62% (n = 3081) were men, and 27% (n = 1319) had CRAS. Co-morbid conditions were common including hypertension (n = 3014; 61%), coronary artery disease (n = 2971; 60%), and diabetes mellitus (n = 2449; 50%). A total of 79% (n = 3576) of the patients had AHF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) (LVEF &amp;lt; 50%). CRAS patients were associated with major bleeding (1.29% vs. 0.6%; P = 0.017), blood transfusion (10.1% vs. 3.0%; P &amp;lt; 0.001), higher re-admission rate for AHF at 3 months' follow-up (27.6% vs. 18.8%; P &amp;lt; 0.001) and at 12 months' follow-up (34.3% vs. 26.2%; P &amp;lt; 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression demonstrated that patients with CRAS were associated with higher odds of all-cause mortality during hospital admission [adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 2.10; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.34\u20133.31; P = 0.001], at 3 months' follow-up (aOR, 1.48; 95% CI: 1.07\u20132.06; P = 0.018), and at 12 months' follow-up (aOR, 1.45; 95% CI: 1.12\u20131.87; P = 0.004). Stratified analyses showed that CRAS patients with HFrEF were associated with higher odds of all-cause mortality during hospital admission (aOR, 2.03; 95% CI: 1.20\u20133.45; P = 0.009) and at 12 months' follow-up (aOR, 1.42; 95% CI: 1.06\u20131.89; P = 0.019) but not at 3 months' follow-up (aOR, 1.43; 95% CI: 0.98\u20132.09; P = 0.063). However, in AHF patients with preserved ejection fraction (LVEF \u2265 50%), CRAS was not associated with higher odds of all-cause mortality not only during hospital admission (aOR, 2.15; 95% CI: 0.84\u20135.55; P = 0.113) but also at 3 months' follow-up (aOR, 1.87; 95% CI: 0.93\u20133.76; P = 0.078) and at 12 months' follow-up (aOR, 1.59; 95% CI: 0.91\u20132.76; P = 0.101).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The incidence of CRAS was 27%. CRAS was associated with higher odds of all-cause mortality in AHF patients in the Middle East, especially in those with HFrEF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.12351","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,13]],"date-time":"2018-10-13T00:08:33Z","timestamp":1539389313000},"page":"103-110","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Incidence and Impact of Cardiorenal Anaemia Syndrome on All-Cause Mortality in Acute Heart Failure Patients Stratified by Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction in the Middle East"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Al-Jarallah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Sabah Al Ahmed Cardiac Centre , Kuwait City ,","place":["Kuwait"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajesh","family":"Rajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Sabah Al Ahmed Cardiac Centre , Kuwait City ,","place":["Kuwait"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ibrahim","family":"Al-Zakwani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology & Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University , Muscat ,","place":["Oman"]},{"name":"Gulf Health Research , Muscat ,","place":["Oman"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raja","family":"Dashti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Sabah Al Ahmed Cardiac Centre , Kuwait City ,","place":["Kuwait"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bassam","family":"Bulbanat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Sabah Al Ahmed Cardiac Centre , Kuwait City ,","place":["Kuwait"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kadhim","family":"Sulaiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Royal Hospital , Muscat ,","place":["Oman"]},{"name":"Directorate General of Specialized Medical Care, Ministry of Health , Muscat ,","place":["Oman"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alawi A.","family":"Alsheikh-Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences , Dubai ,","place":["United Arab Emirates"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prashanth","family":"Panduranga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Royal Hospital , Muscat ,","place":["Oman"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khalid F.","family":"AlHabib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Sciences, King Fahad Cardiac Centre, King Saud University , Riyadh ,","place":["Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jassim","family":"Al Suwaidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Adult Cardiology, Hamad Medical Corporation , Doha ,","place":["Qatar"]},{"name":"Qatar Cardiovascular Research Centre , Doha ,","place":["Qatar"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wael","family":"Al-Mahmeed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Abu Dhabi , Abu Dhabi ,","place":["United Arab Emirates"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hussam","family":"AlFaleh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Sciences, King Fahad Cardiac Centre, King Saud University , Riyadh ,","place":["Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdelfatah","family":"Elasfar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Adult Cardiology, King Salman Heart Centre, King Fahad Medical City , Riyadh ,","place":["Saudi Arabia"]},{"name":"Cardiology Department, Tanta University , Tanta ,","place":["Egypt"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Al-Motarreb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sana'a University , Sana'a ,","place":["Yemen"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mustafa","family":"Ridha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Al-Dabbous Cardiac Centre, Al Adan Hospital , Kuwait City ,","place":["Kuwait"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nooshin","family":"Bazargani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Dubai Hospital , Dubai ,","place":["United Arab Emirates"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nidal","family":"Asaad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Adult Cardiology, Hamad Medical Corporation , Doha ,","place":["Qatar"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haitham","family":"Amin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mohammed Bin Khalifa Cardiac Centre , Manama ,","place":["Bahrain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026012115101285100_ehf212351-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"viii7","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfg1084","article-title":"The cardio-renal anaemia syndrome: does it exist?","volume":"18","author":"Silverberg","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial 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