{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T05:12:39Z","timestamp":1770268359397,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2100,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,20]],"date-time":"2020-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1584662400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Noordwest Academie"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018722","name":"Jaap Schouten Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018722","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Noordwest Academie"},{"name":"Jaap Schouten Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Evidence on the association of macrophage- and neutrophil-related blood biomarkers with clinical outcome in heart failure patients is limited, and, with the exception of C-reactive protein, no data exist on their temporal evolution. We aimed to investigate whether temporal patterns of these biomarkers are related to clinical outcome in patients with stable chronic heart failure (CHF).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In 263 patients with CHF, we performed serial plasma measurements of scavenger receptor cysteine-rich type 1 protein M130 (CD163), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase type 5 (TRAP), granulins (GRN), spondin-1 (SPON1), peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 (PGLYRP1), and tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI). The Cardiovascular Panel III (Olink Proteomics AB, Uppsala, Sweden) was used. During 2.2 years of follow-up, we collected 1984 samples before the occurrence of the composite primary endpoint (PE) or censoring. For efficiency, we selected 567 samples for the measurements (all baseline samples, the last two samples preceding the PE, and the last sample before censoring in event-free patients). The relationship between repeatedly measured biomarker levels and the PE was evaluated by joint models. Mean (\u00b1standard deviation) age was 67 \u00b1 13 years; 189 (72%) were men; left ventricular ejection fraction (%) was 32 \u00b1 11. During follow-up, 70 (27%) patients experienced the PE. Serially measured biomarkers predicted the PE in a multivariable model adjusted for baseline clinical characteristics [hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) per 1-standard deviation change in biomarker]: CD163 [2.07(1.47\u20132.98), P &amp;lt; 0.001], TRAP [0.62 (0.43\u20130.90), P = 0.009], GRN [2.46 (1.64\u20133.84), P &amp;lt; 0.001], SPON1 [3.94 (2.50\u20136.50), P &amp;lt; 0.001], and PGLYRP1 [1.62 (1.14\u20132.31), P = 0.006].<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Changes in plasma levels of CD163, TRAP, GRN, SPON1, and PGLYRP1 precede adverse cardiovascular events in patients with CHF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.12678","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,20]],"date-time":"2020-03-20T14:50:46Z","timestamp":1584715846000},"page":"1190-1200","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Temporal Patterns of Macrophage- and Neutrophil-Related Markers are Associated with Clinical Outcome in Heart Failure Patients"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Dominika","family":"Klimczak-Tomaniak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam , Rotterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Department of Immunology, Transplantation and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw ,","place":["Poland"]},{"name":"Division of Heart Failure and Cardiac Rehabilitation, Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw ,","place":["Poland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elke","family":"Bouwens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam , Rotterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne-Sophie","family":"Schuurman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam , Rotterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K. Martijn","family":"Akkerhuis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam , Rotterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alina","family":"Constantinescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam , Rotterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jasper","family":"Brugts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam , Rotterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B. Daan","family":"Westenbrink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen , Groningen ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"van Ramshorst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Northwest Clinics , Alkmaar ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tjeerd","family":"Germans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Northwest Clinics , Alkmaar ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leszek","family":"P\u0105czek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Transplantation and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw ,","place":["Poland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Victor","family":"Umans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Northwest Clinics , Alkmaar ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Boersma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam , Rotterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isabella","family":"Kardys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam , Rotterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026012115044053700_ehf212678-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1254","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.116.302317","article-title":"Innate immunity and the failing heart: the cytokine hypothesis revisited","volume":"116","author":"Mann","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"2026012115044053700_ehf212678-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1007\/s10557-017-6752-z","article-title":"Immunity, inflammation, and oxidative stress in heart failure: emerging molecular targets","volume":"31","author":"Ayoub","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Drugs Ther"},{"key":"2026012115044053700_ehf212678-bib-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19725","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1108586108","article-title":"The inflammasome promotes adverse cardiac remodeling following acute myocardial infarction in the mouse","volume":"108","author":"Mezzaroma","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"2026012115044053700_ehf212678-bib-0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-2498(03)00106-2","article-title":"Increased toll-like receptor 4 in the myocardium of patients requiring left ventricular assist devices","volume":"23","author":"Birks","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"},{"key":"2026012115044053700_ehf212678-bib-0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.021884","article-title":"Phenotype-specific treatment of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a multiorgan roadmap","volume":"134","author":"Shah","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2026012115044053700_ehf212678-bib-0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4155","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.26055","article-title":"Plasma levels of heart failure biomarkers are primarily a reflection of extracardiac production","volume":"8","author":"Du","year":"2018","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"2026012115044053700_ehf212678-bib-0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.118.009555","article-title":"Temporal patterns of 14 blood biomarker candidates of cardiac remodeling in relation to prognosis of patients with chronic heart failure\u2014the Bio- SH i FT study","volume":"8","author":"Bouwens","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"2026012115044053700_ehf212678-bib-0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3954","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2018-01241","article-title":"Cardiometabolic biomarkers and their temporal patterns predict poor outcome in chronic heart failure (Bio-SHiFT Study)","volume":"103","author":"Brankovic","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2026012115044053700_ehf212678-bib-0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2018.08.001","article-title":"Utility of temporal profiles of new cardio-renal and pulmonary candidate biomarkers in chronic heart failure","volume":"276","author":"Brankovic","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"2026012115044053700_ehf212678-bib-0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5402.177","article-title":"Human experimentation. 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