{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T03:40:17Z","timestamp":1771472417948,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2017,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,11]],"date-time":"2020-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591833600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>20% to 40% of left ventricular assist device (LVAD) device implantations are complicated by right ventricular (RV) failure that results in significant morbidity and mortality. We hypothesized that the duration on milrinone infusion is an independent risk factor for RV failure following LVAD implantation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective demographic, clinical and hemodynamic data were collected on all adults with ACC\/AHA stage D heart failure on intravenous milrinone who underwent LVAD implantation between 2012 and 2019. Patients (n = 104) were divided into two groups, those on milrinone &amp;lt;30 days (STM, n = 55) vs. \u226530 (LTM, n = 49). The primary endpoint was the prevalence of RV failure (need for inotropic support for more than 14 days or RV assist device) within 30 days post-LVAD implantation. There were no significant differences between STM and LTM patients with respect to demographic, echocardiographic, right heart catheterization data, or baseline medications. The mean age of patients was 55.6 \u00b1 12 years (70% male patients). Mean duration on milrinone was 13.7 vs. 81.0 days in STM and LTM, respectively. Forty-five (43.3%) patients developed RV failure. LTM had higher prevalence of RV failure with odds ratio (OR) = 5.04 (95% CI 2.18\u201311.68, P = 0.0002). After adjusting for age, gender, and co-morbidity count, the OR was 6.33 (95% CI 2.51\u201315.93), P &amp;lt; 0.0001.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this retrospective study of ACC\/AHA stage D HF patients, longer duration of milrinone infusion was associated with higher prevalence of RV failure after LVAD implantation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.12791","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,11]],"date-time":"2020-06-11T19:03:59Z","timestamp":1591902239000},"page":"1949-1955","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Association of Preoperative Duration of Inotropy on Prevalence of Right Ventricular Failure Following LVAD Implantation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9076-2321","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mina M.","family":"Benjamin*","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of General Internal Medicine, Froedtert & The Medical College of Wisconsin , 9200 West Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee, WI, 53226-3596 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sakthi","family":"Sundararajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of General Internal Medicine, Froedtert & The Medical College of Wisconsin , 9200 West Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee, WI, 53226-3596 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samian","family":"Sulaiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of General Internal Medicine, Froedtert & The Medical College of Wisconsin , 9200 West Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee, WI, 53226-3596 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bryan","family":"Miles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of General Internal Medicine, Froedtert & The Medical College of Wisconsin , 9200 West Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee, WI, 53226-3596 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rebekah J.","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Advancing Population Science, Froedtert & The Medical College of Wisconsin , 9200 West Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee, WI, 53226-3596 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucian","family":"Durham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Froedtert & The Medical College of Wisconsin , 9200 West Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee, WI, 53226-3596 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takushi","family":"Kohmoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Froedtert & The Medical College of Wisconsin , 9200 West Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee, WI, 53226-3596 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David L.","family":"Joyce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Froedtert & The Medical College of Wisconsin , 9200 West Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee, WI, 53226-3596 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Ishizawar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Froedtert & The Medical College of Wisconsin , 9200 West Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee, WI, 53226-3596 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nunzio","family":"Gaglianello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Froedtert & The Medical College of Wisconsin , 9200 West Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee, WI, 53226-3596 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Asim","family":"Mohammed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Froedtert & The Medical College of Wisconsin , 9200 West Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee, WI, 53226-3596 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026012115035488300_ehf212791-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2015.08.005","article-title":"The Registry of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: eighteenth official pediatric lung and heart-lung transplantation report\u20142015; focus theme: early graft failure","volume":"34","author":"Goldfarb","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"},{"key":"2026012115035488300_ehf212791-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1510\/icvts.2006.128322","article-title":"Right ventricular failure after left ventricular assist device insertion: preoperative risk factors","volume":"5","author":"Santambrogio","year":"2006","journal-title":"Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg"},{"key":"2026012115035488300_ehf212791-bib-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2009.11.020","article-title":"Right ventricular failure in patients with the HeartMate II continuous-flow left ventricular assist device: incidence, risk factors, and effect on outcomes","volume":"139","author":"Kormos","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"2026012115035488300_ehf212791-bib-0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1007\/s12265-010-9216-4","article-title":"Right ventricular failure\u2014a continuing problem in patients with left ventricular assist device support","volume":"3","author":"John","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Transl Res"},{"key":"2026012115035488300_ehf212791-bib-0005","first-page":"III175","article-title":"Milrinone and dobutamine in severe heart failure: differing hemodynamic effects and individual patient responsiveness","volume":"73","author":"Colucci","year":"1986","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2026012115035488300_ehf212791-bib-0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1541","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.287.12.1541","article-title":"Short-term intravenous milrinone for acute exacerbation of chronic heart failure: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"287","author":"Cuffe","year":"2002","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2026012115035488300_ehf212791-bib-0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1030","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2009.11.026","article-title":"Risk factors predictive of right ventricular failure after left ventricular assist device implantation","volume":"105","author":"Drakos","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2026012115035488300_ehf212791-bib-0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1097\/MAT.0000000000000188","article-title":"Outcomes of patients with right ventricular failure on milrinone after left ventricular assist device implantation","volume":"61","author":"Tsiouris","year":"2015","journal-title":"ASAIO J"},{"key":"2026012115035488300_ehf212791-bib-0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2005.07.008","article-title":"Right heart failure after left ventricular assist device implantation in patients with chronic congestive heart failure","volume":"25","author":"Dang","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"},{"key":"2026012115035488300_ehf212791-bib-0010","first-page":"S52","article-title":"Right heart failure post left ventricular assist device implantation","volume":"6","author":"Argiriou","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"2026012115035488300_ehf212791-bib-0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.733","article-title":"Prediction of right ventricular failure after ventricular assist device implant: systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies","volume":"19","author":"Bellavia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026012115035488300_ehf212791-bib-0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.03.009","article-title":"The right ventricular failure risk score a pre-operative tool for assessing the risk of right ventricular failure in left ventricular assist device candidates","volume":"51","author":"Matthews","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2026012115035488300_ehf212791-bib-0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2010.01.011","article-title":"Clinical management of continuous-flow left ventricular assist devices in advanced heart failure","volume":"29","author":"Slaughter","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"},{"key":"2026012115035488300_ehf212791-bib-0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2008.09.006","article-title":"Risk score derived from pre-operative data analysis predicts the need for biventricular mechanical circulatory support","volume":"27","author":"Fitzpatrick","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"},{"key":"2026012115035488300_ehf212791-bib-0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-2498(99)00071-6","article-title":"Comparison of functional capacity in patients with end-stage heart failure following implantation of a left ventricular assist device versus heart transplantation: results of the experience with left ventricular assist device with exercise trial","volume":"18","author":"Jaski","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"},{"key":"2026012115035488300_ehf212791-bib-0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8703(96)90315-4","article-title":"Intermittent inotropic therapy in an outpatient setting: a cost-effective therapeutic modality in patients with refractory heart failure","volume":"132","author":"Marius-Nunez","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"2026012115035488300_ehf212791-bib-0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(02)02968-6","article-title":"Heart failure etiology and response to milrinone in decompensated heart failure: results from the OPTIME-CHF study","volume":"41","author":"Felker","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2026012115035488300_ehf212791-bib-0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.03.051","article-title":"In-hospital mortality in patients with acute decompensated heart failure requiring intravenous vasoactive medications: an analysis from the Acute Decompensated Heart Failure National Registry (ADHERE)","volume":"46","author":"Abraham","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2026012115035488300_ehf212791-bib-0019","article-title":"Phosphodiesterase III inhibitors for heart failure","volume":"25","author":"Amsallem","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"2026012115035488300_ehf212791-bib-0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199111213252111","article-title":"Inotropic therapy for heart failure\u2014an unfulfilled promise","volume":"325","author":"Curfman","year":"1991","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026012115035488300_ehf212791-bib-0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(88)92615-0","article-title":"Vasodilator and inotropic drugs for the treatment of chronic heart failure: distinguishing hype from hope","volume":"12","author":"Packer","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2026012115035488300_ehf212791-bib-0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.75.2.331","article-title":"Deficient production of cyclic AMP: pharmacologic evidence of an important cause of contractile dysfunction in patients with end-stage heart failure","volume":"75","author":"Feldman","year":"1987","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2026012115035488300_ehf212791-bib-0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1875-9114.1997.tb03722.x","article-title":"Short-term intravenous milrinone for severe congestive heart failure: the good, bad, and not so good","volume":"17","author":"Varriale","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"key":"2026012115035488300_ehf212791-bib-0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI109735","article-title":"Biphasic adrenergic modulation of beta-adrenergic receptors in man. Agonist-induced early increment and late decrement in beta-adrenergic receptor number","volume":"65","author":"Tohmeh","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2026012115035488300_ehf212791-bib-0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02650349","article-title":"Studies on the mechanism of action of the bipyridine milrinone on the heart","volume":"84","author":"Farah","year":"1989","journal-title":"Basic Res Cardiol"}],"container-title":["ESC Heart Failure"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ehf2.12791","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ehf2.12791","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eschf\/article-pdf\/7\/4\/1949\/65901739\/eschf_7_4_1949.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eschf\/article-pdf\/7\/4\/1949\/65901739\/eschf_7_4_1949.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T20:04:38Z","timestamp":1769025878000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eschf\/article\/7\/4\/1949\/8372994"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,11]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,11]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ehf2.12791","relation":{},"ISSN":["2055-5822"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2055-5822","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-01-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-05-08","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-06-11","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}