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Therefore, we aimed to investigate this relationship based on the Multiparameter Intelligent Monitoring in Intensive Care III (MIMIC-III) database (v1.4).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective cohort study included 5956 adult patients with CHF from the MIMIC-III database from 2001 to 2012. Using the Cox proportional-hazard analysis and Kaplan\u2013Meier plot, we evaluated the relationship between baseline BE and all-cause death at 1 year after admission to the intensive care unit. At the 1 year follow-up, 2104 participants (35.3%) had died. There was an association between BE and all-cause death (log-rank test P &amp;lt; 0.0001). In the Cox regression model adjusted for demographic and clinical variables, the risk of all-cause death in the first (BE \u2264 \u22128), second (\u22128 &amp;lt; BE \u2264 \u22123), fourth (2 &amp;lt; BE \u2264 7), and fifth (BE &amp;gt; 7) BE groups was significantly higher than that in the third BE group (\u22123 &amp;lt; BE \u2264 2) [hazard ratio (HR) 1.99, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.62\u20132.43, HR 1.40, 95% CI 1.23\u20131.60, HR 1.46, 95% CI 1.26\u20131.69, and HR 1.68, 95% 1.33\u20132.12, respectively]. Similar results were observed when BE was modelled as a continuous variable using a Cox regression model with a restricted cubic spline.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study demonstrated the existence of a U-shaped relationship between BE and survival outcome in patients with CHF. Both low and high BE increased the risk of all-cause mortality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.12939","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,12]],"date-time":"2020-12-12T01:58:35Z","timestamp":1607738315000},"page":"250-258","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Association Between Base Excess and Mortality in Patients with Congestive Heart Failure"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Wenqin","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen , Shenzhen ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changnong","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen , Shenzhen ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen , Shenzhen ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingyue","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ambulatory Surgery, Shenzhen Nanshan District People's Hospital , Shenzhen ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenyu","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen , Shenzhen ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiehui","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen , Shenzhen ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University , Nanning ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026012114044149600_ehf212939-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31678-6","article-title":"Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990\u20132015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015","volume":"388","author":"Disease","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026012114044149600_ehf212939-bib-0002","volume-title":"Chronic Heart Failure: National Clinical Guideline for Diagnosis and Management in Primary and Secondary Care: Partial Update","year":"2010"},{"key":"2026012114044149600_ehf212939-bib-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1964","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1703100","article-title":"Diuretic treatment in heart failure","volume":"377","author":"Ellison","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026012114044149600_ehf212939-bib-0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1007\/s10741-015-9482-y","article-title":"Acid\u2013base and electrolyte abnormalities in heart failure: pathophysiology and implications","volume":"20","author":"Urso","year":"2015","journal-title":"Heart Fail Rev"},{"key":"2026012114044149600_ehf212939-bib-0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199611000-00001","article-title":"Admission base deficit predicts transfusion requirements and risk of complications","volume":"41","author":"Davis","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"2026012114044149600_ehf212939-bib-0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2015.12.012","article-title":"Is arterial base deficit still a useful prognostic marker in trauma? 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