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Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to investigate the associations of different diuretic application approaches and types with all-cause mortality, cardiovascular death (CVD), and cerebrovascular death. Binary logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the associations of different diuretic application approaches and types with 1-, 3-, and 5-year heart failure (HF) re-hospitalization as well as new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF). In the comparison between IDU and CDU strategies for RHD patients with compensated CHF, CDU was associated with increased risks of all-cause mortality [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 2.47, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.54\u20133.97, P &amp;lt; 0.001] and CVD (adjusted HR = 3.67, 95% CI: 1.95\u20136.89, P &amp;lt; 0.001) except cerebrovascular death (adjusted HR = 1.07, 95% CI: 0.34\u20133.41, P = 0.905). CDU was also associated with increased risks of 3-year [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.09\u20132.96, P = 0.022] and 5-year (adjusted OR = 2.02, 95% CI: 1.18\u20133.45, P = 0.010) HF re-hospitalization risk and new-onset AF (adjusted OR = 2.34, 95% CI: 1.31\u20134.20, P = 0.004) except 1-year HF re-hospitalization risk (adjusted OR = 1.54, 95% CI: 0.88\u20132.70, P = 0.130). In the comparison between TDs and LDs among study participants receiving IDU strategy, LDs were only associated with decreased 1-year HF re-hospitalization risk (adjusted OR = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.12\u20130.77, P = 0.012) rather than all-cause mortality, CVD, cerebrovascular death, 3- and 5-year HF re-hospitalization, and new-onset AF (all adjusted P &amp;gt; 0.05). In the comparison between TDs and LDs among study participants receiving CDU strategy, LDs were not associated with cerebrovascular death and 1-year HF re-hospitalization (both adjusted P &amp;gt; 0.05) but with increased risks of all-cause mortality (adjusted HR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.09\u20132.99, P = 0.023), CVD (adjusted HR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.04\u20133.44, P = 0.037), 3-year (adjusted OR = 1.91, 95% CI: 1.06\u20133.43, P = 0.031) and 5-year (adjusted OR = 2.16, 95% CI: 1.12\u20134.19, P = 0.022) HF re-hospitalization, and new-onset AF (adjusted OR = 2.66, 95% CI: 1.25\u20135.68, P = 0.012).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Continuous diuretics use (especially LDs) was associated with increased risks of all-cause mortality, CVD, medium-term\/long-term HF re-hospitalization, and new-onset AF in RHD patients with compensated CHF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.12987","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,17]],"date-time":"2020-09-17T22:53:38Z","timestamp":1600383218000},"page":"3929-3941","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Outcomes of Diuretics in Rheumatic Heart Disease with Compensated Chronic Heart Failure: A Retrospective Study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0508-0129","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cheng","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology , #1 Panfu Road, Guangzhou, 510180 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanxian","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology , #1 Panfu Road, Guangzhou, 510180 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tianwang","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yichao","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou 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