{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T20:59:37Z","timestamp":1789419577189,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1890,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,16]],"date-time":"2020-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602806400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009687","name":"Uniwersytet Medyczny im. Piast\u00f3w Slaskich we Wroclawiu","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SUB.E190.19.052"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SUB.E190.19.052"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009687","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009687","name":"Uniwersytet Medyczny im. Piast\u00f3w Slaskich we Wroclawiu","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SUB.E190.19.052"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SUB.E190.19.052"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009687","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a potent vasoconstrictor, which regulates renal and vascular function. We aimed to relate plasma levels of ET-1 with the clinical picture and outcomes in acute heart failure (AHF).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We studied 113 patients with AHF [mean age 65 \u00b1 13 (years), median (upper and lower quartiles) N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, 5422 (2689; 8582) (pg\/mL)], in whom plasma levels of ET-1 were serially measured at admission (10.8 \u00b1 5.2), Day 1 (9.5 \u00b1 3.4), and Day 2 (8.9 \u00b1 3.8) (pg\/mL). The population was divided into tertiles across baseline ET-1 levels. Patients in the highest ET-1 tertile had predominant clinical signs of peripheral congestion; however, no difference was observed in pulmonary congestion and severity of dyspnoea. They also presented lower spot urine sodium at admission (75 \u00b1 35 vs. 99 \u00b1 43 vs. 108 \u00b1 30), 6 h (84 \u00b1 34 vs. 106 \u00b1 43 vs. 106 \u00b1 35), and Day 1 (75 \u00b1 38 vs. 96 \u00b1 36 vs. 100 \u00b1 35) (mmol\/L), when compared with the second and first tertile, respectively (all P &amp;lt; 0.05); furthermore, they received higher doses of intravenous furosemide from Day 2 and had longer intravenous diuretics, as median switch to oral furosemide was 4 (3; 4) vs. 3 (2; 4) vs. 2 (2; 3) (days), respectively, P &amp;lt; 0.05. There was no difference in serum creatinine, urea, and renal injury biomarkers (kidney injury molecule-1, serum cystatin C, and urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin) between the ET-1 tertiles. Higher values of ET-1 measured at each time point were related with a higher risk of 1 year mortality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Elevation of ET-1 is related to clinical signs of peripheral congestion, low urine sodium excretion, and poor outcome in AHF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.13064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,16]],"date-time":"2020-10-16T07:42:34Z","timestamp":1602834154000},"page":"3536-3544","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Elevated Plasma Endothelin-1 is Related to Low Natriuresis, Clinical Signs of Congestion, and Poor Outcome in Acute Heart Failure"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1483-7381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert","family":"Zymli\u0144ski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University , Borowska 213, Wroc\u0142aw, 50-556 ,","place":["Poland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rados\u0142aw","family":"Sierpi\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Collegium Medicum, Cardinal Stefan Wyszy\u0144ski University in Warsaw , Warsaw ,","place":["Poland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6691-8568","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Metra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology, The Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia , Brescia ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gad","family":"Cotter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MOMENTUM Research , Durham, NC ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mateusz","family":"Sokolski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University , Borowska 213, Wroc\u0142aw, 50-556 ,","place":["Poland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pawe\u0142","family":"Siwo\u0142owski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Heart Diseases, Military Hospital , Wroc\u0142aw ,","place":["Poland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mateusz","family":"Garus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University , Borowska 213, Wroc\u0142aw, 50-556 ,","place":["Poland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Gajewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University , Borowska 213, Wroc\u0142aw, 50-556 ,","place":["Poland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanna","family":"Tryba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Scientific Organization, Department of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University , Wroc\u0142aw ,","place":["Poland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Samorek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Scientific Organization, Department of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University , Wroc\u0142aw ,","place":["Poland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9202-432X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ewa A.","family":"Jankowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University , Borowska 213, Wroc\u0142aw, 50-556 ,","place":["Poland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9977-7722","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan","family":"Biegus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University , Borowska 213, Wroc\u0142aw, 50-556 ,","place":["Poland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3391-7064","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piotr","family":"Ponikowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University , Borowska 213, Wroc\u0142aw, 50-556 ,","place":["Poland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026012115025917000_ehf213064-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1038\/332411a0","article-title":"A novel potent vasoconstrictor peptide produced by vascular endothelial cells","volume":"332","author":"Yanagisawa","year":"1988","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026012115025917000_ehf213064-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(95)00520-X","article-title":"Prognostic impact of big endothelin-1 plasma concentrations compared with invasive hemodynamic evaluation in severe heart failure","volume":"27","author":"Pacher","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2026012115025917000_ehf213064-bib-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.85.2.504","article-title":"Plasma endothelin correlates with the extent of pulmonary hypertension in patients with chronic congestive heart failure","volume":"85","author":"Cody","year":"1992","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2026012115025917000_ehf213064-bib-0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1374","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.85.4.1374","article-title":"Plasma endothelin in chronic heart failure","volume":"85","author":"McMurray","year":"1992","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2026012115025917000_ehf213064-bib-0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(99)80231-8","article-title":"Prognostic value of plasma soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and endothelin-1 concentration in patients with chronic congestive heart failure","volume":"76","author":"Tsutamoto","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2026012115025917000_ehf213064-bib-0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2006.02.013","article-title":"The prognostic value of big endothelin-1 in more than 2,300 patients with heart failure enrolled in the Valsartan Heart Failure Trial (Val-HeFT)","volume":"12","author":"Masson","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Card Fail"},{"key":"2026012115025917000_ehf213064-bib-0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ehj.2003.10.030","article-title":"The comparative prognostic value of plasma neurohormones at baseline in patients with heart failure enrolled in Val-HeFT","volume":"25","author":"Latini","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026012115025917000_ehf213064-bib-0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.456","article-title":"Increased mortality with elevated plasma endothelin-1 in acute heart failure: an ASCEND-HF biomarker substudy","volume":"18","author":"Perez","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026012115025917000_ehf213064-bib-0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1159\/000328686","article-title":"Role of endothelin in thick ascending limb sodium chloride transport","volume":"5","author":"Ramseyer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Endothelin in Renal Physio and Dis"},{"key":"2026012115025917000_ehf213064-bib-0010","first-page":"2388","article-title":"ESC GUIDELINES ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2008","volume":"29","author":"Dickstein","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026012115025917000_ehf213064-bib-0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjhf\/hfs105","article-title":"ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2012","volume":"14","author":"Mcmurray","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026012115025917000_ehf213064-bib-0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1428","article-title":"Serial assessment of spot urine sodium predicts effectiveness of decongestion and outcome in patients with acute heart failure","volume":"21","author":"Biegus","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026012115025917000_ehf213064-bib-0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-130-6-199903160-00002","article-title":"A more accurate method to estimate glomerular filtration rate from serum creatinine: a new prediction equation","volume":"130","author":"Levey","year":"1999","journal-title":"Annals of Inter Med"},{"key":"2026012115025917000_ehf213064-bib-0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1159\/000330409","article-title":"Neurohormonal activation in acute heart failure: results from VERITAS","volume":"119","author":"Milo-Cotter","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cardiology"},{"key":"2026012115025917000_ehf213064-bib-0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1623","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(02)01814-4","article-title":"Neurohormonal activation rapidly decreases after intravenous therapy with diuretics and vasodilators for class IV heart failure","volume":"39","author":"Johnson","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2026012115025917000_ehf213064-bib-0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1697","article-title":"Evaluation of kidney function throughout the heart failure trajectory\u2014a position statement from the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology","volume":"22","author":"Mullens","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026012115025917000_ehf213064-bib-0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.115.002370","article-title":"Rapid and highly accurate prediction of poor loop diuretic natriuretic response in patients with heart failure","volume":"9","author":"Testani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circ Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026012115025917000_ehf213064-bib-0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.5603\/KP.a2018.0240","article-title":"Clinical, respiratory, haemodynamic, and metabolic determinants of lactate in heart failure","volume":"77","author":"Biegus","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pol Heart J"},{"key":"2026012115025917000_ehf213064-bib-0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1156","article-title":"Increased blood lactate is prevalent and identifies poor prognosis in patients with acute heart failure without overt peripheral hypoperfusion","volume":"20","author":"Zymli\u0144ski","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026012115025917000_ehf213064-bib-0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.20452\/pamw.1413","article-title":"Liver function tests in patients with acute heart failure","volume":"122","author":"Biegus","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pol Arch Internal Med"},{"key":"2026012115025917000_ehf213064-bib-0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1518","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.644","article-title":"Impaired hepato-renal function defined by the MELD XI score as prognosticator in acute heart failure","volume":"18","author":"Biegus","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026012115025917000_ehf213064-bib-0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.5603\/KP.a2019.0030","article-title":"Persistent hyperlactataemia is related to high rates of in-hospital adverse events and poor outcome in acute heart failure","volume":"77","author":"Biegus","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pol Heart J"},{"key":"2026012115025917000_ehf213064-bib-0023","first-page":"317","article-title":"Long-term effect of endothelin receptor antagonism with bosentan on the morbidity and mortality of patients with severe chronic heart failure: primary results of the ENABLE trials","volume":"5","author":"Packer","year":"2017","journal-title":"JACC: Heart Failure"},{"key":"2026012115025917000_ehf213064-bib-0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1801291","article-title":"Effects of serelaxin in patients with acute heart failure","volume":"381","author":"Metra","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026012115025917000_ehf213064-bib-0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2009","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.298.17.2009","article-title":"Effects of tezosentan on symptoms and clinical outcomes in patients with acute heart failure: the VERITAS randomized controlled trials","volume":"298","author":"McMurray","year":"2007","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2026012115025917000_ehf213064-bib-0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2012.11.005","article-title":"Effect of serelaxin on cardiac, renal, and hepatic biomarkers in the Relaxin in Acute Heart Failure (RELAX-AHF) development program: correlation with outcomes","volume":"61","author":"Metra","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2026012115025917000_ehf213064-bib-0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1188","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.12477","article-title":"Hepatorenal dysfunction identifies high-risk patients with acute heart failure: insights from the RELAX-AHF trial","volume":"6","author":"Biegus","year":"2019","journal-title":"ESC Heart Failure"},{"key":"2026012115025917000_ehf213064-bib-0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.74.6.620","article-title":"Concentration of circulating plasma endothelin in patients with angina and normal coronary angiograms","volume":"74","author":"Kaski","year":"1995","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"2026012115025917000_ehf213064-bib-0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(99)00224-7","article-title":"Elevated endothelin concentrations are associated with reduced coronary vasomotor responses in patients with chest pain and normal coronary arteriograms","volume":"34","author":"Cox","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2026012115025917000_ehf213064-bib-0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2359","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.102.19.2359","article-title":"Endothelial activation in patients with cardiac syndrome X","volume":"102","author":"Desideri","year":"2000","journal-title":"Circulation"}],"container-title":["ESC Heart Failure"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ehf2.13064","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ehf2.13064","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eschf\/article-pdf\/7\/6\/3536\/65902454\/eschf_7_6_3536.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eschf\/article-pdf\/7\/6\/3536\/65902454\/eschf_7_6_3536.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T20:03:17Z","timestamp":1769025797000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eschf\/article\/7\/6\/3536\/8372493"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,16]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,16]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ehf2.13064","relation":{},"ISSN":["2055-5822"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2055-5822","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-07-31","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-09-25","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-10-16","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}