{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T05:56:01Z","timestamp":1790661361737,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,20]],"date-time":"2025-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766188800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1861,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,15]],"date-time":"2020-11-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605398400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002661","name":"Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["29801"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["29801"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002661","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"German Federal Ministry of Economy and Technology","award":["50WB1816"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["50WB1816"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002946","name":"German Aerospace Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002946","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002661","name":"Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["29801"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["29801"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002661","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002946","name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002946","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Reduced physical activity increases the risk of heart failure; however, non-invasive methodologies detecting subclinical changes in myocardial function are not available. We hypothesized that myocardial, left ventricular, systolic strain measurements could capture subtle abnormalities in myocardial function secondary to physical inactivity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the AGBRESA study, which assessed artificial gravity through centrifugation as potential countermeasure for space travel, 24 healthy persons (eight women) were submitted to 60 day strict \u22126\u00b0 head-down-tilt bed rest. Participants were assigned to three groups of eight subjects: a control group, continuous artificial gravity training on a short-arm centrifuge (30 min\/day), or intermittent centrifugation (6 \u00d7 5 min\/day). We assessed cardiac morphology, function, strain, and haemodynamics by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and echocardiography. We observed no differences between groups and, therefore, conducted a pooled analysis. Consistent with deconditioning, resting heart rate (\u22068.3 \u00b1 6.3 b.p.m., P &amp;lt; 0.0001), orthostatic heart rate responses (\u220622.8 \u00b1 19.7 b.p.m., P &amp;lt; 0.0001), and diastolic blood pressure (\u22068.8 \u00b1 6.6 mmHg, P &amp;lt; 0.0001) increased, whereas cardiac output (\u2206\u22120.56 \u00b1 0.94 L\/min, P = 0.0096) decreased during bed rest. Left ventricular mass index obtained by MRI did not change. Echocardiographic left ventricular, systolic, global longitudinal strain (\u22061.8 \u00b1 1.83%, P &amp;lt; 0.0001) decreased, whereas left ventricular, systolic, global MRI circumferential strain increased not significantly (\u2206\u22120.68 \u00b1 1.85%, P = 0.0843). MRI values rapidly returned to baseline during recovery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prolonged head-down-tilt bed rest provokes changes in cardiac function, particularly strain measurements, that appear functional rather than mediated through cardiac remodelling. Thus, strain measurements are of limited utility in assessing influences of physical deconditioning or exercise interventions on cardiac function.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.13103","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,16]],"date-time":"2020-11-16T02:06:09Z","timestamp":1605492369000},"page":"729-744","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Cardiac Adaptations to 60 day Head-Down-Tilt Bed Rest Deconditioning. Findings from the AGBRESA Study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3199-9924","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabian","family":"Hoffmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center , Cologne ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Cologne , Cologne ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00e9r\u00e9my","family":"Rabineau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LPHYS, Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles , Bruxelles ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dennis","family":"Mehrkens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Cologne , Cologne ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darius A.","family":"Gerlach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center , Cologne ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Moestl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center , Cologne ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernd W.","family":"Johannes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center , Cologne ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrico G.","family":"Caiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronics, Information and Biomedical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano , Milan ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Institute of Electronics and Information and Telecommunication Engineering , Milan ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre Francois","family":"Migeotte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LPHYS, Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles , Bruxelles ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Jordan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Head of the Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center , Cologne ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Tank","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center , Cologne 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