{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T08:59:55Z","timestamp":1793437195947,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,20]],"date-time":"2025-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766188800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1781,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,3]],"date-time":"2021-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612310400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Project DEAL"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) carry an increased risk for sudden cardiac death. Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) therapy may be challenging in these patients due to anatomical barriers, repeated cardiac surgery, or complicated transvenous access. Thus, the subcutaneous ICD (S-ICD) can be a promising alternative in this patient population. Patients with ACHD show significant electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities, which could affect S-ICD sensing because it depends on surface ECG.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One hundred patients with ACHD were screened for S-ICD eligibility. Standard ECG-based screening test and automated S-ICD screening test were performed in all patients. Sixty-six patients (66%) were male. Underlying congenital heart disease (CHD) was mainly CHD of great complexity (71%) and moderate complexity (29%), including repaired tetralogy of Fallot (20%), which was the most common entity. Thirty-seven patients (37%) already had a pacemaker (23%) or ICD (14%) implanted. Automated screening test identified 83 patients (83%) eligible for S-ICD implantation in either left parasternal position (78%) or right parasternal position (75%). Absence of sinus rhythm, QRS duration, and a paced QRS complex were associated with S-ICD screening failure in univariate analysis. Receiver operating characteristic curve and multivariate analysis revealed a QRS duration \u2265148 ms as the only independent predictor for S-ICD screening failure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with ACHD show satisfactory eligibility rates (83%) for S-ICD implantation utilizing the automated screening test, including patients with CHD of high complexity. S-ICD therapy should be considered with caution in ACHD patients with a QRS duration \u2265148 ms and\/or need for ventricular pacing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.13243","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,6]],"date-time":"2021-02-06T11:44:52Z","timestamp":1612611892000},"page":"1502-1508","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Eligibility for Subcutaneous Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator in Adults with Congenital Heart Disease"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Christos","family":"Zormpas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hannover Heart Rhythm Center, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School , Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, D-30625 ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann Sophie","family":"Silber-Peest","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00f6rg","family":"Eiringhaus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hannover Heart Rhythm Center, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School , Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, D-30625 ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henrike A.K.","family":"Hillmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hannover Heart Rhythm Center, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School , Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, D-30625 ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephan","family":"Hohmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hannover Heart Rhythm Center, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School , Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, D-30625 ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johanna","family":"M\u00fcller-Leisse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hannover Heart Rhythm Center, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School , Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, D-30625 ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mechthild","family":"Westhoff-Bleck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Veltmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hannover Heart Rhythm Center, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School , Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, D-30625 ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2996-6338","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Duncker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hannover Heart Rhythm Center, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School , Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, D-30625 ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026012115071967100_ehf213243-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2118","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.017202","article-title":"Survival prospects and circumstances of death in contemporary adult congenital heart disease patients under follow-up at a large tertiary centre","volume":"132","author":"Diller","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2026012115071967100_ehf213243-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02714-8","article-title":"Risk factors for arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death late after repair of tetralogy of Fallot: a multicentre study","volume":"356","author":"Gatzoulis","year":"2000","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026012115071967100_ehf213243-bib-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1944","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.104786","article-title":"Sudden cardiac death in adult congenital heart disease","volume":"126","author":"Koyak","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2026012115071967100_ehf213243-bib-0004","first-page":"e1","article-title":"PACES\/HRS expert consensus statement on the recognition and management of arrhythmias in adult congenital heart disease","volume":"30","author":"Khairy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"key":"2026012115071967100_ehf213243-bib-0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2793","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv316","article-title":"2015 ESC guidelines for the management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias and the prevention of sudden cardiac death: the Task Force for the Management of Patients with Ventricular Arrhythmias and the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death of the Europe","volume":"36","author":"Priori","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026012115071967100_ehf213243-bib-0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2086","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.14633","article-title":"Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapy to reduce sudden cardiac death in adults with congenital heart disease: a registry study","volume":"31","author":"Slater","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026012115071967100_ehf213243-bib-0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.4037\/NCI.0b013e31829744c7","article-title":"Long-term issues after the Fontan procedure","volume":"24","author":"McRae","year":"2013","journal-title":"AACN Adv Crit Care"},{"key":"2026012115071967100_ehf213243-bib-0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.2005.00195.x","article-title":"Complications of implantable cardioverter defibrillator therapy in 440 consecutive patients","volume":"28","author":"Alter","year":"2005","journal-title":"PACE - Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026012115071967100_ehf213243-bib-0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2393","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.001120","article-title":"Multi-institutional study of implantable defibrillator lead performance in children and young adults results of the Pediatric Lead Extractability and Survival Evaluation (PLEASE) Study","volume":"127","author":"Atallah","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2026012115071967100_ehf213243-bib-0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1439","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv735","article-title":"Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators in adults with congenital heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"37","author":"Vehmeijer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026012115071967100_ehf213243-bib-0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1111\/pace.12812","article-title":"Long-term outcomes following transvenous lead extraction","volume":"39","author":"Gomes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026012115071967100_ehf213243-bib-0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.117.005409","article-title":"Transvenous lead extraction in adults with congenital heart disease","volume":"11","author":"Gourraud","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026012115071967100_ehf213243-bib-0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euu375","article-title":"Potential eligibility of congenital heart disease patients for subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillator based on surface electrocardiogram mapping","volume":"17","author":"Zeb","year":"2015","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2026012115071967100_ehf213243-bib-0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1111\/pace.13537","article-title":"Eligibility for subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillators in the adult congenital heart disease population","volume":"42","author":"Garside","year":"2019","journal-title":"PACE - Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026012115071967100_ehf213243-bib-0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-017-1635-4","article-title":"Analysis of screening electrocardiogram for the subcutaneous defibrillator in adults with congenital heart disease","volume":"38","author":"Thomas","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatr Cardiol"},{"key":"2026012115071967100_ehf213243-bib-0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2007.01.024","article-title":"Standardization and interpretation of the electrocardiogram","volume":"49","author":"Kligfield","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2026012115071967100_ehf213243-bib-0017","article-title":"2018 AHA\/ACC guideline for the management of adults with congenital heart disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines","volume":"139","author":"Stout","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2026012115071967100_ehf213243-bib-0018","article-title":"Eligibility for subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillator in patients with left ventricular assist device","author":"Zormpas","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Interv Card Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026012115071967100_ehf213243-bib-0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1605","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2015.02.047","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of the totally subcutaneous implantable defibrillator: 2-year results from a pooled analysis of the IDE study and EFFORTLESS registry","volume":"65","author":"Burke","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2026012115071967100_ehf213243-bib-0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1657","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehu112","article-title":"Worldwide experience with a totally subcutaneous implantable defibrillator: early results from the EFFORTLESS S-ICD Registry","volume":"35","author":"Lambiase","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026012115071967100_ehf213243-bib-0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1537","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euz190","article-title":"The entirely subcutaneous ICDTM system in patients with congenital heart disease: experience from a large single-centre analysis","volume":"21","author":"Willy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2026012115071967100_ehf213243-bib-0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2015.09.083","article-title":"Subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillators in children, young adults and patients with congenital heart disease","volume":"203","author":"Bordachar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"2026012115071967100_ehf213243-bib-0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.116.004338","article-title":"Clinical experience with the subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillator in adults with congenital heart disease","volume":"9","author":"Moore","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026012115071967100_ehf213243-bib-0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelectrocard.2016.08.005","article-title":"Essential ECG clues in patients with congenital heart disease and arrhythmias","volume":"50","author":"Cano","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Electrocardiol"},{"key":"2026012115071967100_ehf213243-bib-0025","first-page":"1815","article-title":"Risk factors for mortality and ventricular tachycardia in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"36","author":"Possner","year":"2020","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"key":"2026012115071967100_ehf213243-bib-0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2016.07.231","article-title":"Role of right ventricular three-dimensional electroanatomic voltage mapping for arrhythmic risk stratification of patients with corrected tetralogy of Fallot or other congenital heart disease involving the right ventricular outflow tract","volume":"222","author":"Drago","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"2026012115071967100_ehf213243-bib-0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euu375","article-title":"Potential eligibility of congenital heart disease patients for subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillator based on surface electrocardiogram mapping","volume":"17","author":"Zeb","year":"2015","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2026012115071967100_ehf213243-bib-0028","first-page":"328","article-title":"Predictors of venous obstruction following pacemaker or implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation: a contrast venographic study on 100 patients admitted for generator change, lead revision, or device upgrade","volume":"9","author":"Haghjoo","year":"2007","journal-title":"EP Eur"},{"key":"2026012115071967100_ehf213243-bib-0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1328","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-16-0153","article-title":"Right parasternal lead placement increases eligibility for subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator therapy in adults with congenital heart disease","volume":"80","author":"Okamura","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circ J"},{"key":"2026012115071967100_ehf213243-bib-0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1007\/s00392-017-1194-y","article-title":"Right versus left parasternal electrode position in the entirely subcutaneous ICD","volume":"107","author":"Bettin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Res Cardiol"},{"key":"2026012115071967100_ehf213243-bib-0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.14275","article-title":"Impact of routine right parasternal electrocardiographic screening in assessing eligibility for subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillator","volume":"31","author":"Arias","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026012115071967100_ehf213243-bib-0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1007\/s10840-018-0437-9","article-title":"Eligibility of cardiac resynchronization therapy patients for subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillators","volume":"54","author":"Giammaria","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Interv Card Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026012115071967100_ehf213243-bib-0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.13182","article-title":"Eligibility of pacemaker patients for subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillators","volume":"28","author":"Ip","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"}],"container-title":["ESC Heart Failure"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ehf2.13243","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ehf2.13243","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eschf\/article-pdf\/8\/2\/1502\/65926338\/eschf_8_2_1502.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eschf\/article-pdf\/8\/2\/1502\/65926338\/eschf_8_2_1502.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T20:08:55Z","timestamp":1769026135000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eschf\/article\/8\/2\/1502\/8381834"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,3]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ehf2.13243","relation":{},"ISSN":["2055-5822"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2055-5822","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-10-25","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-01-19","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-02-03","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}