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To evaluate the clinical outcomes of patients with heart failure (HF) and atrial fibrillation (AF), whose acute decompensation was tachycardia mediated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Korean Acute Heart Failure registry was a prospective registry that consecutively enrolled 5625 patients with acute HF. Patients were classified into three groups according to the rhythm and aggravating factor: (i) 3664 (65.1%) patients with sinus rhythm (SR), (ii) 1033 (18.4%) patients with AF whose decompensation was tachycardia-mediated, AF-TM (+), and (iii) N = 928 (16.5%) patients with AF whose decompensation was not tachycardia-mediated, AF-TM (\u2212). The primary outcomes were in-hospital and post-discharge 1 year all-cause mortality. At admission, the mean heart rate was 90.8 \u00b1 23.4, 86.8 \u00b1 26.8, and 106.3 \u00b1 29.7 beats per minute for the SR, AF-TM (\u2212), and AF-TM (+) groups, respectively. The AF-TM (+) group had more favourable characteristics such as de novo onset HF, less diabetes, ischaemic heart disease, and higher blood pressure than the AF-TM (\u2212) group. In-hospital mortality rates were 5.1%, 6.5%, and 1.7% for SR, AF-TM (\u2212), and AF-TM (+) groups, respectively. In logistic regression analysis, the AF-TM (+) group had lower in-hospital mortality after adjusting the significant covariates (odds ratio, 0.49; 95% confidence interval, 0.26\u20130.93). The mortality rate did not differ between SR and AF-TM (\u2212) groups. During 1 year follow-up, 990 (18.5%) patients died. In univariate and multivariate Cox proportional regression analyses, there was no difference in 1-year all-cause mortality between the three groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In patients with HF and AF, patients whose acute decompensation is tachycardia-mediated have better in-hospital, but similar post-discharge outcomes compared with those with SR or those with AF whose decompensation is not tachycardia-mediated.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrial.gov \u00a0NCT01389843.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.13354","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,8]],"date-time":"2021-05-08T11:20:00Z","timestamp":1620472800000},"page":"2816-2825","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Heart Failure and Atrial Fibrillation: Tachycardia-Mediated Acute Decompensation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Jin Joo","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Center, Division of Cardiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital , Gumiro 166, Bundang, Seongnam ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hae-Young","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital , Seoul ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kye Hun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Research Center of Chonnam National University , Gwangju ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Byung-Su","family":"Yoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine , Wonju ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seok-Min","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sang Hong","family":"Baek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, the Catholic University of Korea , Seoul ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eun-Seok","family":"Jeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University College of Medicine , Seoul ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jae-Joong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, 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