{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T14:48:23Z","timestamp":1785509303050,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,20]],"date-time":"2025-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766188800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1580,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,23]],"date-time":"2021-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629676800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Percutaneous left ventricular assist devices (pVADs) are used to haemodynamically stabilize patients with cardiogenic shock (CS) caused by acute myocardial infarction (AMI). One out of every two patients has a non-ischaemic cause of CS, and these patients differ profoundly from patients with AMI-related CS. We assessed the usefulness of pVAD support for patients with non-ischaemic CS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analysed 106 patients with CS and Impella\u00ae support between 2015 and 2018. CS was non-ischaemic in 36 patients and AMI-related in 70 patients. Compared with the AMI group, those in the non-ischaemic group were significantly younger [median age 62 (50.8, 70.8) years vs. 68 (58.0, 75.5) years, P = 0.007] and had more patients with severely reduced left ventricular function (94% vs. 79%, P = 0.035) and worse glomerular filtration rate [45 (27, 57) mL\/min vs. 60 (44, 78) mL\/min]. Propensity score matching yielded 31 patients with non-ischaemic CS and 31 patients with AMI-related CS, without a difference in baseline laboratory values or comorbidities. In both groups, pVAD support was performed along with haemodynamic stabilization, reduction of catecholamines and normalization of lactate levels. In 7 days, systolic blood pressure increased from 91 (80, 101) mmHg at baseline to 100 (100, 120) mmHg in the non-ischaemic CS group (P = 0.001) and 89 (80, 100) mmHg at baseline to 112 (100, 128) mmHg in the AMI-related CS group (P = 0.001). Moreover, in 7 days, the need of catecholamines (calculated as vasoactive-inotropic score) decreased from 32.0 (11.1, 47.0) at baseline to 5.3 (0, 16.1) in the non-ischaemic group (P = 0.001) and from 35.2 (18.11, 67.0) to zero (0, 0) in the AMI-related CS group (P = 0.001). Lactate level decreased from 3.8 (2.8, 5.9) mmol\/L at baseline to 1.0 (0.8, 2.1) mmol\/L (P = 0.001) in the non-ischaemic CS group and from 3.8 (2.6, 6.5) mmol\/L to 1.2 (1.0, 2.0) mmol\/L in the AMI-related group (P = 0.001).<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>In the non-ischaemic CS group, eight patients (25.8%) were upgraded to veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) or long-term mechanical circulatory support. Two of these upgraded patients received heart transplantation. In the AMI group, eight patients (25.8%) were upgraded to VA-ECMO or long-term mechanical circulatory support. Ninety-day survival did not significantly differ between the groups (non-ischaemic CS group 48.4%, AMI-related CS group 45.2%, P = 0.799).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>pVAD support is useful for haemodynamic stabilization of patients with non-ischaemic CS and is valuable as a bridge to patients' recovery or long-term left ventricular support and heart transplantation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.13546","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,23]],"date-time":"2021-08-23T10:57:35Z","timestamp":1629716255000},"page":"3594-3602","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Outcome of Patients with Non-Ischaemic Cardiogenic Shock Supported by Percutaneous Left Ventricular Assist Device"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Jean M.","family":"Haurand","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University , D\u00fcsseldorf ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Haberkorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University , D\u00fcsseldorf ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jafer","family":"Haschemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University , D\u00fcsseldorf ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Oehler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University , D\u00fcsseldorf ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hug","family":"Aubin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of D\u00fcsseldorf , D\u00fcsseldorf ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Payam","family":"Akhyari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of D\u00fcsseldorf , D\u00fcsseldorf ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Udo","family":"Boeken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of D\u00fcsseldorf , D\u00fcsseldorf ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malte","family":"Kelm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University , D\u00fcsseldorf ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Cardiovascular Research Institute, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University , D\u00fcsseldorf ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralf","family":"Westenfeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University , D\u00fcsseldorf ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Horn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University , D\u00fcsseldorf 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