{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T23:50:03Z","timestamp":1774655403755,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,20]],"date-time":"2025-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766188800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1566,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,6]],"date-time":"2021-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630886400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We continuously monitored right ventricular pressures and the estimated diastolic pulmonary artery pressure (ePAD) for up to 30 days in mechanically ventilated patients with severe COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome in order to detect and treat right ventricular and pulmonary artery hypertension.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively evaluated right ventricular pressures and the ePAD measured in 30 invasively ventilated COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome patients between 1 October 2020 and 31 March 2021. We divided the patients into two groups, survivors and non-survivors based on their 60 day mortality. Primary outcome variables were the values of right ventricular pressures and the ePAD over time after insertion of the right ventricular probe.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>Right ventricular systolic pressure [RVSP, (IQR; 25th to 75th percentile)] was significantly lower on the first and the last measurement day in the survivors compared with the non-survivors [Day 1: 38 (27\u201345) vs. 46 (44\u201349), P = 0.036; last day: 36 (27\u201344) vs. 51 (40\u201357) mmHg, P = 0.006]. 16\/22 survivors and 7\/8 non-survivors received sildenafil orally, one survivor received additionally inhaled nitric oxide and one survivor and one non-survivor each inhaled iloprost. On the last measurement day, both right ventricular pressure amplitude [31 (26\u201337) vs. 38 (35\u201347) mmHg, P = 0.027] and ePAD [22 (16\u201326) vs. 31 (23\u201334) mmHg, P = 0.043] were significantly lower in the survivors compared with the non-survivors. Four patients in the survivor group developed excessive high RVSP in the course of their disease (peak: 57\/61\/78\/105 mmHg). After sildenafil 20 mg every 8 h, additional inhaled nitric oxide (20 ppm) in one and additional inhaled iloprost 20 \u03bcg every 4 h in another patient RVSP consecutively decreased substantially in all four patients until the end of the measurement period (47\/23\/42\/47 mmHg).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The RVSP and right ventricular pressure amplitude both were significantly lower in the survivors compared with those in the non-survivors with a significant decrease in RVSP over time in the survivors suggesting successful lowering by pulmonary vasodilators. The ePAD as an indicator of left heart failure was significantly higher in non-survivors compared to the surviving patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.13600","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,7]],"date-time":"2021-09-07T02:11:22Z","timestamp":1630980682000},"page":"5213-5221","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Continuous Long-Term Wireless Measurement of Right Ventricular Pressures and Estimated Diastolic Pulmonary Artery Pressure in Patients with Severe COVID-19 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5600-8325","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthias","family":"Gaertner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia, Perioperative Medicine and Interdisciplinary Intensive Care Medicine, ECLS-ECMO Center Langen, Asklepios Klinik Langen , Roentgenstrasse 20, Langen, 63225 ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raymond","family":"Glocker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EMKA Medical GmbH , Erthalstrasse 12, Aschaffenburg, 63739 ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Felix","family":"Glocker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EMKA Medical GmbH , Erthalstrasse 12, Aschaffenburg, 63739 ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hans-Bernd","family":"Hopf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia, Perioperative Medicine and Interdisciplinary Intensive Care Medicine, ECLS-ECMO Center Langen, Asklepios Klinik Langen , Roentgenstrasse 20, Langen, 63225 ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026012114202036200_ehf213600-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2228","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.2058","article-title":"Haemodynamic characteristics of COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome requiring mechanical ventilation. An invasive assessment using right heart catheterization","volume":"22","author":"Caravita","year":"2020","journal-title":"Euro J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026012114202036200_ehf213600-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1491","DOI":"10.1007\/s00392-020-01683-0","article-title":"Impaired cardiac function is associated with mortality in patients with acute COVID-19 infection","volume":"109","author":"Rath","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Res Cardiol"},{"key":"2026012114202036200_ehf213600-bib-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.2087","article-title":"COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome: intriguing haemodynamics of an intriguing syndrome","volume":"23","author":"Smith","year":"2021","journal-title":"Europ J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026012114202036200_ehf213600-bib-0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2008.03.022","article-title":"Right ventricular systolic pressure by echocardiography as a predictor of pulmonary hypertension in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"102","author":"Nathan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"2026012114202036200_ehf213600-bib-0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1625","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.294.13.1625","article-title":"Evaluation study of congestive heart failure and pulmonary artery catheterization effectiveness. The ESCAPE trial","volume":"294","author":"ESCAPE investigators and ESCAPE study coordinators","year":"2005","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2026012114202036200_ehf213600-bib-0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S323","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000270242.03536.D3","article-title":"Echocardiographic evaluation of hemodynamic parameters","volume":"35","author":"Ahmed","year":"2007","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026012114202036200_ehf213600-bib-0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1965","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1800385","article-title":"Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for severe acute respriratory distress syndrome","volume":"378","author":"Combes","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026012114202036200_ehf213600-bib-0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/1071-9164(95)90018-7","article-title":"Monitoring of pulmonary arterial diastolic pressure through a right ventricular pressure transducer","volume":"1","author":"Ohlsson","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Card Fail"},{"key":"2026012114202036200_ehf213600-bib-0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(94)00510-W","article-title":"Measurement of pulmonary artery diastolic pressure from right ventricle","volume":"25","author":"Reynolds","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2026012114202036200_ehf213600-bib-0010","first-page":"1","article-title":"Acute pulmonary hypertension and short-term outcomes in severe Covid-19 patients needing intensive care","volume":"00","author":"Norderfeldt","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"key":"2026012114202036200_ehf213600-bib-0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1177\/08850666211006335","article-title":"Chang G for the Nitric Oxide Study Investigators. Right ventricular strain is common in intubated COVID-19 patients and does nor reflect severity of respiratory illness","volume":"36","author":"Gibson","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"2026012114202036200_ehf213600-bib-0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.07-1367","article-title":"The relationship between the components of pulmonary artery pressure remains constant under all conditions in both health and disease","volume":"133","author":"Syyed","year":"2008","journal-title":"CHEST"},{"key":"2026012114202036200_ehf213600-bib-0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.07-2718","article-title":"Estimation of mean pulmonary artery pressure. Simpler than expected","volume":"133","author":"Chemla","year":"2008","journal-title":"CHEST"},{"key":"2026012114202036200_ehf213600-bib-0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2017.02.019","article-title":"The right ventricle in ARDS","volume":"152","author":"Zochios","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2026012114202036200_ehf213600-bib-0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/2045894020936660","article-title":"In the eye of the storm: the right ventricle in COVID-19","volume":"10","author":"Park","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pulmonary Circ"},{"key":"2026012114202036200_ehf213600-bib-0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2020.11.043","article-title":"Right ventricular dysfunction in critically ill COVID-19 ARDS","volume":"327","author":"Bleakley","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"2026012114202036200_ehf213600-bib-0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2021.606318","article-title":"Right ventricular damage in COVID-19: Association between myocardial injury and COVID-19","volume":"8","author":"Lan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"2026012114202036200_ehf213600-bib-0018","article-title":"Echocardiographic abnormalities as independent prognostic factors of in-hospital mortality among COVID-19 patients","volume":"9","author":"Pishgahi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arch Acad Emergency Med"},{"key":"2026012114202036200_ehf213600-bib-0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/20458940211007040","article-title":"Association of right ventricular dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension with adverse 30-day outcomes in COVID-19 patients","volume":"11","author":"Wats","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pulmonary Circ"},{"key":"2026012114202036200_ehf213600-bib-0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.783910","article-title":"Transition from chronic compensated to acute decompensated heart failure. Pathophysiological insights obtained from continuous monitoring of intracardiac pressures","volume":"118","author":"Zile","year":"2008","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2026012114202036200_ehf213600-bib-0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.116.003594","article-title":"Intracardiac pressures measured using an implantable hemodynamic monitor. Relationship to mortality in patients with chronic heart failure. Cric","volume":"10","author":"Zile","year":"2017","journal-title":"Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026012114202036200_ehf213600-bib-0022"},{"key":"2026012114202036200_ehf213600-bib-0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01283-z","article-title":"Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome","volume":"27","author":"Nalbandian","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature Medicine"},{"key":"2026012114202036200_ehf213600-bib-0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01635-2019","article-title":"A pressure-based single beat method for estimation of right ventricular ejection fraction: proof of concept","volume":"55","author":"Heerdt","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2026012114202036200_ehf213600-bib-0025","article-title":"When it all comes down to pressure: right ventricular ejection fraction at cardia catheterization","volume":"55","author":"Naeje","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2026012114202036200_ehf213600-bib-0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2007.10.061","article-title":"Randomized controlled trial of an implantable continuous hemodynamic monitor in patients with advanced heart failure","volume":"51","author":"Bourge","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2026012114202036200_ehf213600-bib-0027","first-page":"420","article-title":"Hemodynamic assessment in heart failure","volume":"95","author":"Jain","year":"2020","journal-title":"Catheter Cardiovasc Interv"}],"container-title":["ESC Heart Failure"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ehf2.13600","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ehf2.13600","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eschf\/article-pdf\/8\/6\/5213\/65568830\/eschf_8_6_5213.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eschf\/article-pdf\/8\/6\/5213\/65568830\/eschf_8_6_5213.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T19:24:40Z","timestamp":1769023480000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eschf\/article\/8\/6\/5213\/8343885"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,6]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,6]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ehf2.13600","relation":{},"ISSN":["2055-5822"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2055-5822","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-05-21","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-08-19","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-09-06","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}