{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,15]],"date-time":"2026-03-15T06:24:36Z","timestamp":1773555876131,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760486400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":672,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,13]],"date-time":"2023-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702425600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP18K17677"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP18K17677"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22K11288"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22K11288"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Hokkaido Heart Association Grant for Research"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP18K17677"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP18K17677"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22K11288"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22K11288"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Iron deficiency (ID) is common in patients with heart failure (HF) and is reportedly associated with exercise intolerance and impaired quality of life. Iron supplementation therapy in HF patients with ID improves exercise capacity. Conversely, protective roles of iron depletion in the development of diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications have been proposed. This study aimed to determine the impact of ID on physical function in HF patients with and without DM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We enrolled consecutive patients who were admitted to our institute for HF diagnosis and management. The short physical performance battery (SPPB) was used to evaluate physical function, and low physical function was defined as an SPPB score of &amp;lt;10 points as individuals with SPPB scores of &amp;lt;10 points are most likely to be classified as frail and are at high risk for disability and future adverse events, including death. ID was defined as serum ferritin &amp;lt; 100 or 100\u2013299 ng\/mL when transferrin saturation (TSAT) was &amp;lt;20% according to the HF guidelines. Among the 562 HF patients (72 \u00b1 14 years old; 56% male), 329 patients (58%) and 191 patients (34%) had ID and low physical function, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that TSAT as a continuous variable, but not ID, was a predictor of low physical function (odds ratio: 0.980, P = 0.024). Subgroup analysis showed that a significant association between low TSAT and low physical function was lost in HF patients with DM (P for interaction &amp;lt; 0.001). A spline dose\u2013response curve for the relationship between TSAT and risk of low physical function with adjustments for covariates associated with low physical function in non-DM patients was almost linear with an increase in the risk of low physical function as the TSAT increased, but such a relationship was not found in the analyses of DM patients. A lack of close TSAT\u2013SPPB relationship in HF patients with DM was confirmed also in a propensity-score-matched cohort.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>TSAT as a continuous variable, but not ID, was independently associated with physical function in HF patients, and a significant association was lost in patients with HF and DM, suggesting a limited impact of iron supplementation therapy in HF patients with DM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.14610","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,13]],"date-time":"2023-12-13T06:17:24Z","timestamp":1702448244000},"page":"513-523","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Relationship Between Serum Iron Level and Physical Function in Heart Failure Patients is Lost by Presence of Diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Katsuhiko","family":"Ohori","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine , Sapporo ,","place":["Japan"]},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Hokkaido Cardiovascular Hospital , Sapporo ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9655-3985","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Toshiyuki","family":"Yano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine , Sapporo ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Satoshi","family":"Katano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rehabilitation, Sapporo Medical University Hospital , Sapporo 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