{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T07:53:25Z","timestamp":1770882805430,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759708800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":382,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,19]],"date-time":"2024-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726704000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Bristol Myers Squibb K.K."}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There are limited data to support direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) use in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). The current study investigated the safety and effectiveness of DOACs versus warfarin in patients in Japan.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective observational study assessed a Japanese cohort of patients diagnosed with HCM and NVAF between July 2011 and June 2021 using a Japanese claims database. Propensity score (PS) matching (2:1 DOAC:warfarin) using the nearest-neighbour method was applied to balance demographic and clinical characteristics between treatment groups. The primary outcomes were the risk of major bleeding and any bleeding (major or minor). Secondary outcomes included describing baseline demographic and clinical characteristics and the risk of stroke\/systemic embolism (SE).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>After PS matching, 2955 DOAC- and 1603 warfarin-treated patients were assessed. The mean [standard deviation (SD)] age in the DOAC and warfarin groups was 74.8 (10.5) and 75.3 (10.2) years, respectively. The majority of patients were male (DOAC, 58.8%; warfarin, 59.6%), had comorbidities (DOAC, 97.5%; warfarin, 96.6%), and were treated with \u03b2-blockers (DOAC, 62.5%; warfarin, 62.3%). The risk of major and any bleeding was similar across cohorts [hazard ratio (HR), 0.80; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.50\u20131.27; P = 0.336 and HR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.78\u20131.11; P = 0.420] while the risk of stroke\/SE was lower among patients treated with DOACs (HR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.47\u20130.96; P = 0.027). Factors associated with an increased risk of major bleeding included prior bleeding (HR, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.22\u20133.17) and chronic kidney disease (HR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.10\u20133.18). An increased risk of stroke\/SE was associated with prior ischaemic stroke (HR, 2.97; 95% CI, 2.05\u20134.29), peripheral arterial disease (HR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.22\u20132.88) and chronic kidney disease (HR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.24\u20132.83).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>DOAC-treated patients had a lower risk of stroke\/SE and a comparable risk of bleeding compared with warfarin-treated patients. Prior stroke was shown to augment stroke risk by approximately three-fold. This large real-world study suggests that patients diagnosed with HCM and NVAF can be safely and effectively treated with DOACs in Japan.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.15039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,20]],"date-time":"2024-09-20T01:24:26Z","timestamp":1726795466000},"page":"326-337","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Oral Anticoagulation in Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy and Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation in Japan"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Hiroaki","family":"Kitaoka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Geriatrics, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University , Nankoku ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Carroll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Observational Research and Data Sciences, Bristol Myers Squibb , Uxbridge ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natalie","family":"Eugene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Observational Research and Data Sciences, Bristol Myers Squibb , Uxbridge ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruno Casaes","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Real-World-Data Analytics, Bristol Myers Squibb , London ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yukako","family":"Matsuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Department, Bristol Myers Squibb K.K. , Chiyoda ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toru","family":"Kubo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Geriatrics, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University , Nankoku ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026012113060699200_ehf215039-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2761","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0b013e318223e230","article-title":"2011 ACCF\/AHA guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation\/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines","volume":"124","author":"Gersh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2026012113060699200_ehf215039-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2733","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehu284","article-title":"2014 ESC guidelines on diagnosis and management of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: the task force for the diagnosis and management of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)","volume":"35","author":"Authors\/Task Force Members","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026012113060699200_ehf215039-bib-0003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1590","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-20-0910","article-title":"JCS\/JHFS 2018 guideline on the diagnosis and treatment of cardiomyopathies","volume":"85","author":"Kitaoka","year":"2021","journal-title":"Circ J"},{"key":"2026012113060699200_ehf215039-bib-0004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.92.4.785","article-title":"Prevalence of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in a general population of young adults. 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