{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T18:50:06Z","timestamp":1770144606876,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760486400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":407,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,3]],"date-time":"2024-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725321600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008792","name":"Novartis Pharma GmbH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008792","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008792","name":"Novartis Pharma","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008792","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Paediatric chronic heart failure (CHF) is associated with significant morbidity. The aim of this study was to describe paediatric CHF epidemiology in Germany.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of anonymized healthcare claims data in the InGef database. This database includes longitudinal data from a representative sample of the German population of approximately 4.8 million insured members. We included individuals &amp;lt;18 years from 2016 to 2021. CHF was defined by \u22652 diagnoses in different quarters of the year as inpatient or outpatient, using ICD-10-GM codes I50.- or P29.0.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>The number of eligible children in the database was 674 462 in 2016 and 660 692 in 2021. Prevalence of CHF per 100 000 children was 20.6 [95% confidence interval (CI), 17.3\u201324.3] in 2016 and 19.4 (95% CI, 16.2 to 23.0) in 2021. Incidence per 100 000 children was 9.6 (95% CI, 7.4 to 12.3) in 2016 and 7.6 (95% CI, 5.6 to 10.0) in 2021 for newly diagnosed CHF. All-cause hospitalizations occurred in 47.3% to 57.7% of children with CHF per year. Up to 6.3% of children with CHF were hospitalized, coded primarily for heart failure. Mortality of children with CHF was &amp;lt;5 death per year in the studied population. In 128 children with CHF in 2021, the most common ICD-coded comorbidities were congenital malformations of cardiac septa (57.8%), atrial septal defect (44.5%), congenital malformations of the great arteries (43.0%) and ventricular septal defect (32.0%). Coded treatment modalities for paediatric CHF in 2021 included angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers (18.8%), beta-blockers (17.2%), mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (14.8%) and surgical procedures (13.3%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This representative cohort study reveals a relatively high incidence proportion. Approximately half of the children with CHF are hospitalized annually while mortality is low.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.15043","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,3]],"date-time":"2024-09-03T05:42:55Z","timestamp":1725342175000},"page":"4371-4380","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Epidemiology of Paediatric Chronic Heart Failure in Germany\u2014A Population-Based Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7044-4297","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexej","family":"Bobrowski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Congenital Heart Defects and Pediatric Cardiology, University Heart Center Freiburg \u2013 Bad Krozingen, Medical Center \u2013 University of Freiburg , Freiburg ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sven","family":"Klebs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Novartis Pharma GmbH , Nuremberg ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Alibone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"InGef \u2013 Institute for Applied Health Research Berlin GmbH , Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leonore","family":"Bovy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"InGef \u2013 Institute for Applied Health Research Berlin GmbH , Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dennis","family":"H\u00e4ckl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WIG2 GmbH , Leipzig ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Chair of Health Economics and Management, Faculty of Economics and Management Science, Leipzig University , Leipzig ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thilo","family":"Fleck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Congenital Heart Defects and Pediatric Cardiology, University Heart Center Freiburg \u2013 Bad Krozingen, Medical Center \u2013 University of Freiburg , Freiburg ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brigitte","family":"Stiller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Congenital Heart Defects and Pediatric Cardiology, University Heart Center Freiburg \u2013 Bad Krozingen, Medical Center \u2013 University of Freiburg , Freiburg ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026012113123412200_ehf215043-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2020.06.004","article-title":"Update of pediatric heart failure","volume":"67","author":"Watanabe","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatr Clin North Am"},{"key":"2026012113123412200_ehf215043-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2017.01.001","article-title":"Pediatric heart failure: a practical guide to diagnosis and management","volume":"58","author":"Masarone","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatr Neonatol"},{"key":"2026012113123412200_ehf215043-bib-0003","volume-title":"Leitlinie P\u00e4diatrische Kardiologie: Chronische Herzinsuffizienz. 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