{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T23:57:59Z","timestamp":1780617479045,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759708800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":354,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,17]],"date-time":"2024-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729123200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) patients, the benefit of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) remains unclear. We sought to assess the short-term and long-term effects of CRT in CS patients with a range of left ventricular (LV) ejection fractions (LVEFs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Consecutive CS patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF; LVEF \u2264 40%), mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF; LVEF 41%\u201349%) and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF; LVEF \u2265 50) treated with CRT under the care of a tertiary UK centre between 2008 and 2023 were reviewed. CRT response was defined by &amp;gt;5% improvement in serial LVEF. The primary endpoint was a composite of all-cause mortality, cardiac transplantation or unplanned hospitalization for decompensated heart failure. The secondary endpoint included ventricular arrhythmic events.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of the 100 patients enrolled (age 58 \u00b1 10 years; 71% male), 63 had HFrEF, 17 had HFmrEF and 20 had HFpEF. After short-term follow-up (9.8 \u00b1 5.4 months), HFrEF patients demonstrated significant LVEF response (P &amp;lt; 0.01). On Kaplan\u2013Meier analysis (follow-up 38 \u00b1 32 months), HFrEF non-responders had significantly worse event-free survival compared with HFrEF responders for the primary (P &amp;lt; 0.001) and secondary (P = 0.001) endpoints. Despite short-term LV function improvement, CRT responders still had worse event-free survival compared with HFmrEF\/HFpEF patients for the primary endpoint (P &amp;lt; 0.001). On multivariable Cox analysis, age [hazard ratio (HR) 1.05, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01\u20131.10, P = 0.008] and HFrEF CRT non-response (HR 12.33, 95% CI 2.45\u201361.87, P = 0.002) were associated with the primary endpoint.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In CS patients with HFrEF, CRT response is associated with a better long-term prognosis than non-response. However, HFrEF CRT responders still have worse long-term prognosis than HFmrEF\/HFpEF patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.15113","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,17]],"date-time":"2024-10-17T20:38:41Z","timestamp":1729197521000},"page":"592-602","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Outcomes of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT) in Cardiac Sarcoidosis Patients with a Range of Ejection Fractions"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Alexander","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, part of Guy\u2019s and St Thomas\u2019 NHS Foundation Trust , London 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