{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T10:13:39Z","timestamp":1771409619268,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771372800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":418,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,27]],"date-time":"2024-12-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735257600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004826","name":"Beijing Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024BZR-7242126"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024BZR-7242126"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82400430"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82400430"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding"},{"name":"Elite Medical Professionals Project of China-Japan Friendship Hospital","award":["ZRJY2021-QM18"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZRJY2021-QM18"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004826","name":"Beijing Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024BZR\u20107242126"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024BZR\u20107242126"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82400430"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82400430"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Biomarkers are pivotal in the management of heart failure (HF); however, their lack of cardiac specificity could limit clinical utility. This study aimed to investigate the transcoronary changes and intracardiac production of these biomarkers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Transcoronary gradients for B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and five novel biomarkers\u2014galectin-3 (Gal-3), soluble suppression of tumourigenicity 2 (sST2), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1), growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) and myeloperoxidase (MPO)\u2014were determined using femoral artery (FA) and coronary sinus (CS) samples from 30 HF patients and 10 non-HF controls. Intracardiac biomarker production was assessed in an HF canine model using real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) and western blot (WB) analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Compared with the control group, levels of all detected biomarkers were significantly elevated in the HF group, while transcoronary gradients were only observed for BNP, Gal-3 and TIMP-1 levels in the HF group (BNP: FA: 841.5 \u00b1 727.2 ng\/mL vs. CS: 1132.0 \u00b1 959.1 ng\/mL, P = 0.005; Gal-3: FA: 9.5 \u00b1 3.0 ng\/mL vs. CS: 19.7 \u00b1 16.4 ng\/mL, P = 0.002; and TIMP-1: FA: 286.7 \u00b1 68.9 ng\/mL vs. CS: 377.3 \u00b1 108.9 ng\/mL, P = 0.001). Real-time qPCR and WB analysis revealed significant elevation of BNP, Gal-3 and TIMP-1 in the cardiac tissues of the HF group relative to other groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study provided evidence of transcoronary changes in BNP, Gal-3 and TIMP-1 levels in HF patients, offering insights into their intracardiac production. These findings enhance the understanding of the biology of these biomarkers and may inform their clinical application.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.15175","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,27]],"date-time":"2024-12-27T09:39:58Z","timestamp":1735292398000},"page":"1640-1651","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Transcoronary Study of Biomarkers in Patients with Heart Failure: Insights Into Intracardiac Production"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Jie","family":"Ren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 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,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chi","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arrhythmia Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arrhythmia Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arrhythmia Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongxia","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arrhythmia Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shurong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Hua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arrhythmia Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, 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