{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T23:36:25Z","timestamp":1787960185311,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771372800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":233,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]],"date-time":"2025-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751241600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003196","name":"Italian Ministry of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RF-2019-12370183"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RF-2019-12370183"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003196","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>While the diagnostic role of endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) in myocarditis is unquestioned, little is known about its indications and clinical value during long-term follow-up. We aim to report our experience on the clinical relevance of repeating EMB in a cohort of biopsy-proven myocarditis patients treated with immune-suppressive therapy (IMT).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively included 92 patients with virus-negative EMB-proven myocarditis treated with IMT, of whom 22 [73% male, 37 years, interquartile range (IQR) 33\u201348] received at least one, uneventful, follow-up EMB, 3.5 years (IQR 2.5\u20135.3) after the first one. Follow-up EMB was performed because of clinical worsening (n = 12) or suspected myocarditis relapse (n = 7) and to assess IMT response (n = 3). Patients receiving follow-up EMB more likely had abnormal troponin levels (P = 0.048) and a trend towards lower prevalence of anti-heart auto-antibodies positivity at diagnosis (P = 0.05) and showed worse imaging findings at follow-up. Active or borderline myocarditis on follow-up EMB was found in 12 patients, leading to a change in IMT regimen in 10 (83%); among patients with evidence of healed myocarditis, 2 had a change in IMT regimen, 2 underwent heart transplant evaluation check list, 2 had mitral valve treatment, 1 received ventricular tachycardia ablation and 1 primary prevention implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One-fourth of EMB-proven myocarditis patients had a clinical indication to repeat EMB at least once during long-term follow-up. Follow-up EMB was safe in all cases; it showed active or borderline myocarditis in 55% of patients and lead to a change in management in the majority of patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.15349","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]],"date-time":"2025-06-30T05:39:40Z","timestamp":1751261980000},"page":"3707-3718","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Clinical Impact of Follow-Up Endomyocardial Biopsy in Myocarditis During or After Immune-Suppressive Therapy"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6900-6705","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Baritussio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, Padua University Hospital and University of Padua , Padua 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