{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T13:56:57Z","timestamp":1787320617248,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768867200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4249,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To describe the baseline characteristics and treatment of the patients randomized in the PARADIGM-HF (Prospective comparison of ARNi with ACEi to Determine Impact on Global Mortality and morbidity in Heart Failure) trial, testing the hypothesis that the strategy of simultaneously blocking the renin\u2013angiotensin\u2013aldosterone system and augmenting natriuretic peptides with LCZ696 200 mg b.i.d. is superior to enalapril 10 mg b.i.d. in reducing mortality and morbidity in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Key demographic, clinical and laboratory findings, along with baseline treatment, are reported and compared with those of patients in the treatment arm of the Studies Of Left Ventricular Dysfunction (SOLVD-T) and more contemporary drug and device trials in heart failure and reduced ejection fraction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The mean age of the 8442 patients in PARADIGM-HF is 64 (SD 11) years and 78% are male, which is similar to SOLVD-T and more recent trials. Despite extensive background therapy with beta-blockers (93% patients) and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (60%), patients in PARADIGM-HF have persisting symptoms and signs, reduced health related quality of life, a low LVEF (mean 29 \u00b1 SD 6%) and elevated N-terminal-proB type-natriuretic peptide levels (median 1608 inter-quartile range 886\u20133221 pg\/mL).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PARADIGM-HF will determine whether LCZ696 is more beneficial than enalapril when added to other disease-modifying therapies and if further augmentation of endogenous natriuretic peptides will reduce morbidity and mortality in heart failure and reduced ejection fraction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.115","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,14]],"date-time":"2014-05-14T08:11:34Z","timestamp":1400055094000},"page":"817-825","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":159,"title":["Baseline Characteristics and Treatment of Patients in Prospective Comparison of ARNI with ACEI to Determine Impact on Global Mortality and Morbidity in Heart Failure Trial (PARADIGM-HF)"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"John J. V.","family":"McMurray","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow , Glasgow, Scotland ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milton","family":"Packer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, TX ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akshay S","family":"Desai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine , MA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianjian","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation , East Hanover, NJ ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Lefkowitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation , East Hanover, NJ ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adel R.","family":"Rizkala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation , East Hanover, NJ ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean L.","family":"Rouleau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Institut de Cardiologie , Montr\u00e9al ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor C.","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation , East Hanover, NJ ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott D.","family":"Solomon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine , MA 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