{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T18:54:30Z","timestamp":1789844070837,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":89,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,26]],"date-time":"2018-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1522022400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,26]],"date-time":"2018-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1522022400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Peripartum cardiomyopathy is an idiopathic cardiomyopathy presenting with heart failure secondary to left ventricular systolic dysfunction towards the end of pregnancy or in the months following delivery, where no other cause for heart failure is identified. Outcome varies from full recovery to residual left ventricular systolic dysfunction and even death. Many women return to their physician to acquire information on their long-term prognosis, to seek medical advice regarding contraception, or when planning a subsequent pregnancy. This position paper summarizes current evidence for long-term outcome, risk stratification of further pregnancies and overall management. Based on the best available evidence, as well as the clinical experience of the European Society of Cardiology Study Group on Peripartum Cardiomyopathy members, a consensus on pre- and postpartum management algorithms for women undergoing a subsequent pregnancy is presented.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1178","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,26]],"date-time":"2018-03-26T06:06:46Z","timestamp":1522044406000},"page":"951-962","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":134,"title":["Long-Term Prognosis, Subsequent Pregnancy, Contraception and Overall Management of Peripartum Cardiomyopathy: Practical Guidance Paper from the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology Study Group on Peripartum Cardiomyopathy"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Karen","family":"Sliwa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine & Cardiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town \u00a0","place":["South Africa"]},{"name":"Mary McKillop Institute, ACU , Melbourne ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark C.","family":"Petrie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Golden Jubilee National Hospital , Glasgow ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denise","family":"Hilfiker-Kleiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover , Hannover ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandre","family":"Mebazaa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H\u00f4pital Lariboisi\u00e8re, Universit\u00e9 Paris Diderot, Inserm U942 , Paris ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Jackson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Golden Jubilee National Hospital , Glasgow ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark R.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Imperial College School of Medicine, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital , London ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"van der Meer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amam","family":"Mbakwem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Lagos University Hospital Lagos"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johann","family":"Bauersachs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover , Hannover ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjhf\/hfq120","article-title":"Current state of knowledge on aetiology, diagnosis, management, and therapy of peripartum cardiomyopathy: a position statement from the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on peripartum cardiomyopathy","volume":"12","author":"Sliwa","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.586","article-title":"Current management of patients with severe acute peripartum cardiomyopathy: practical guidance from the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology Study Group on peripartum cardiomyopathy","volume":"18","author":"Bauersachs","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv009","article-title":"Peripartum cardiomyopathy: current management and future perspectives","volume":"36","author":"Hilfiker-Kleiner","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.68","article-title":"EURObservational Research Programme: a worldwide registry on peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) in conjunction with the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on PPCM","volume":"16","author":"Sliwa","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.780","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of patients from the worldwide registry on peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM): EURObservational Research Programme in conjunction with the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology Study Group on PPCM","volume":"19","author":"Sliwa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1723","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.808","article-title":"Outcome of subsequent pregnancies in patients with a history of peripartum cardiomyopathy","volume":"19","author":"Hilfiker-Kleiner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1111\/jmwh.12448","article-title":"Women's experiences being diagnosed with peripartum cardiomyopathy: a qualitative study","volume":"61","author":"Dekker","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Midwifery Womens Health"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1097\/NMC.0b013e31824b52ed","article-title":"The life-changing impact of peripartum cardiomyopathy: an analysis of online postings","volume":"37","author":"Hess","year":"2012","journal-title":"MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5273(91)90301-5","article-title":"Peripartum cardiomyopathy: prognostic variables at initial evaluation","volume":"32","author":"Ravikishore","year":"1991","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1177\/004947559502500310","article-title":"Peripartum cardiomyopathy: experiences at King Edward VIII Hospital, Durban, South Africa and a review of the literature","volume":"25","author":"Desai","year":"1995","journal-title":"Trop Doct"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0011","first-page":"228","article-title":"Epidemiologic profile of peripartum cardiomyopathy in a tertiary care hospital","volume":"17","author":"Isezuo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ethn Dis"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1975","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-10-1214","article-title":"Different characteristics of peripartum cardiomyopathy between patients complicated with and without hypertensive disorders. Results from the Japanese Nationwide survey of peripartum cardiomyopathy","volume":"75","author":"Kamiya","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circ J"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.repc.2012.02.002","article-title":"Rest left ventricular function and contractile reserve by dobutamine stress echocardiography in peripartum cardiomyopathy","volume":"31","author":"Barbosa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rev Port Cardiol"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1007\/s00395-013-0366-9","article-title":"Phenotyping and outcome on contemporary management in a German cohort of patients with peripartum cardiomyopathy","volume":"108","author":"Haghikia","year":"2013","journal-title":"Basic Res Cardiol"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2015.04.081","article-title":"Low systolic blood pressure and high resting heart rate as predictors of outcome in patients with peripartum cardiomyopathy","volume":"190","author":"Libhaber","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(86)80091-2","article-title":"Peripartum cardiomyopathy: clinical, hemodynamic, histologic and prognostic characteristics","volume":"8","author":"O'Connell","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(89)90438-4","article-title":"Prognosis in peripartum cardiomyopathy","volume":"64","author":"Carvalho","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2001-14525","article-title":"Cardiomyopathy in pregnancy: a retrospective study","volume":"18","author":"Bernstein","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Perinatol"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2009.03.008","article-title":"Clinical profile and predictors of complications in peripartum cardiomyopathy","volume":"15","author":"Goland","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Card Fail"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2013.03.004","article-title":"Differences in clinical profile of African-American women with peripartum cardiomyopathy in the United States","volume":"19","author":"Goland","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Card Fail"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ihj.2014.02.007","article-title":"Peripartum cardiomyopathy \u2013 case series","volume":"66","author":"Prasad","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian Heart J"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2015.06.1309","article-title":"Clinical outcomes for peripartum cardiomyopathy in North America: results of the IPAC Study (Investigations of Pregnancy-Associated Cardiomyopathy)","volume":"66","author":"McNamara","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1354","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.13277","article-title":"Longitudinal systolic strain profiles and outcomes in peripartum cardiomyopathy","volume":"33","author":"Briasoulis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Echocardiography"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(87)91039-3","article-title":"Longitudinal changes in left ventricular architecture and function in peripartum cardiomyopathy","volume":"60","author":"Cole","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5273(93)90231-5","article-title":"Peripartum versus idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy in young women \u2013 a comparison of clinical, pathologic and prognostic features","volume":"40","author":"van Hoeven","year":"1993","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2050","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000162478.36652.7E","article-title":"Pregnancy-associated cardiomyopathy: clinical characteristics and a comparison between early and late presentation","volume":"111","author":"Elkayam","year":"2005","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1602","DOI":"10.4065\/80.12.1602","article-title":"Five-year prospective study of the incidence and prognosis of peripartum cardiomyopathy at a single institution","volume":"80","author":"Fett","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0028","first-page":"141","article-title":"Clinical characteristics associated with unfavorable outcomes in peripartum myocardiopathy","volume":"84","author":"da Costa Moreira","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arq Bras Cardiol"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2009.04.037","article-title":"Poor outcome of indigent patients with peripartum cardiomyopathy in the United States","volume":"201","author":"Modi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2009.08.022","article-title":"Long-term outcome of peripartum cardiomyopathy in a population with high seropositivity for human immunodeficiency virus","volume":"147","author":"Sliwa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2011.09.009","article-title":"Myocardial recovery in peripartum cardiomyopathy: prospective comparison with recent onset cardiomyopathy in men and nonperipartum women","volume":"18","author":"Cooper","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Card Fail"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0032","first-page":"78","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and prognosis of peripartum cardiomyopathy in 28 patients","volume":"38","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200004133421502","article-title":"Underlying causes and long-term survival in patients with initially unexplained cardiomyopathy","volume":"342","author":"Felker","year":"2000","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1054\/jcaf.2001.22424","article-title":"Left ventricular function after a new pregnancy in patients with peripartum cardiomyopathy","volume":"7","author":"de Souza","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Card Fail"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2006.02.008","article-title":"Improved outcomes in peripartum cardiomyopathy with contemporary","volume":"152","author":"Amos","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2007.02.092","article-title":"Incidence, mortality, and racial differences in peripartum cardiomyopathy","volume":"100","author":"Brar","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2008.06.087","article-title":"Peripartum cardiomyopathy: prognostic factors for long-term maternal outcome","volume":"199","author":"Habli","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2007.11.007","article-title":"Predictors of prognosis in patients with peripartum cardiomyopathy","volume":"101","author":"Duran","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e318229e6de","article-title":"Epidemiology of peripartum cardiomyopathy: incidence, predictors, and outcomes","volume":"118","author":"Gunderson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjhf\/hfs070","article-title":"Delayed recovery in peripartum cardiomyopathy: an indication for long-term follow-up and sustained therapy","volume":"14","author":"Biteker","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjhf\/hfs031","article-title":"Unexpected and rapid recovery of left ventricular function in patients with peripartum cardiomyopathy: impact of cardiac resynchronization therapy","volume":"14","author":"Mouquet","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0133466","article-title":"Pregnancy-associated heart failure: a comparison of clinical presentation and outcome between hypertensive heart failure of pregnancy and idiopathic peripartum cardiomyopathy","volume":"10","author":"Ntusi","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0043","first-page":"362","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and long-term predictors of persistent left ventricular systolic dysfunction in peripartum cardiomyopathy","volume":"32","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.7603\/s40602-016-0009-0","article-title":"Clinical profile and predictors of outcomes of patients with peripartum cardiomyopathy: the Philippine Heart Center experience","volume":"24","author":"Cuenza","year":"2016","journal-title":"ASEAN Heart J"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.3109\/01443615.2015.1107531","article-title":"Peripartum cardiomyopathy in Turkey: experience of three tertiary centres","volume":"36","author":"Akil","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0046","first-page":"190","article-title":"Peripartum cardiac failure. A ten year follow-up study","volume":"41","author":"Adesanya","year":"1989","journal-title":"Trop Geogr Med"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1067\/mhj.2000.110091","article-title":"Myocarditis and long-term survival in peripartum cardiomyopathy","volume":"140","author":"Felker","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2006.06.013","article-title":"Peripartum cardiomyopathy","volume":"95","author":"Mishra","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2006.04.090","article-title":"Clinical and immunologic characteristics in peripartum cardiomyopathy","volume":"118","author":"Lamparter","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e31826e46a1","article-title":"Peripartum cardiomyopathy: population-based birth prevalence and 7-year mortality","volume":"120","author":"Harper","year":"2012","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.11622\/smedj.2013007","article-title":"Favourable outcome after peripartum cardiomyopathy: a ten-year study on peripartum cardiomyopathy in a university hospital","volume":"54","author":"Chee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Singapore Med J"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2831","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2014.04.014","article-title":"Peripartum cardiomyopathy: predictors of recovery and current state of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator use","volume":"63","author":"Pillarisetti","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2012.726299","article-title":"Natural history, management, and outcomes of peripartum cardiomyopathy: an Irish single-center cohort study","volume":"26","author":"Horgan","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2671","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx355","article-title":"Bromocriptine for the treatment of peripartum cardiomyopathy: a multicentre randomized study","volume":"38","author":"Hilfiker-Kleiner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0055","first-page":"399","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and outcomes of familial and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy in Cape Town: a comparative study of 120 cases followed up over 14 years","volume":"101","author":"Ntusi","year":"2011","journal-title":"S Afr Med J"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2072","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)30391-9","article-title":"Late maternal deaths: a neglected responsibility","volume":"387","author":"Sliwa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.188","article-title":"Risk for ventricular fibrillation in peripartum cardiomyopathy with severely reduced left ventricular function \u2013 value of the wearable cardioverter\/defibrillator","volume":"16","author":"Duncker","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.116.004512","article-title":"Avoiding untimely implantable cardioverter\/defibrillator implantation by intensified heart failure therapy optimization supported by the wearable cardioverter\/defibrillator \u2013 The PROLONG Study","volume":"6","author":"Duncker","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.592","article-title":"Developed with the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC","volume":"18","author":"Ponikowski","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2006.087387","article-title":"Troponin T measurement can predict persistent left ventricular dysfunction in peripartum cardiomyopathy","volume":"93","author":"Hu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2012-302760","article-title":"Predictors of outcome in 176 South African patients with peripartum cardiomyopathy","volume":"99","author":"Blauwet","year":"2013","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehi481","article-title":"Peripartum cardiomyopathy: inflammatory markers as predictors of outcome in 100 prospectively studied patients","volume":"27","author":"Sliwa","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.5830\/CVJA-2015-092","article-title":"Electrocardiographic predictors of peripartum cardiomyopathy","volume":"27","author":"Karaye","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cardiovasc J Afr"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0064","first-page":"297","article-title":"Prognostic factors at initial presentation in patients with peripartum cardiomyopathy","volume":"53","author":"Sharieff","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Pak Med Assoc"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2008.09.017","article-title":"Recovery from severe heart failure following peripartum cardiomyopathy","volume":"104","author":"Fett","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1505517","article-title":"Shared genetic predisposition in peripartum and dilated cardiomyopathies","volume":"374","author":"Ware","year":"2016","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"6 Pt 1","key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1776","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(91)90025-D","article-title":"Effects of subsequent pregnancy on left ventricular function in peripartum cardiomyopathy","volume":"121","author":"Sutton","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"issue":"1 Pt 1","key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(97)80033-6","article-title":"Peripartum cardiomyopathy: an ominous diagnosis","volume":"176","author":"Witlin","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0069","first-page":"47","article-title":"Natural course of subsequent pregnancy after peripartum cardiomyopathy","volume":"73","author":"Albanesi Filho","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arq Bras Cardiol"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1567","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200105243442101","article-title":"Maternal and fetal outcomes of subsequent pregnancies in women with peripartum cardiomyopathy","volume":"344","author":"Elkayam","year":"2001","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1590\/S0066-782X2002001400006","article-title":"Pregnancy and peripartum cardiomyopathy. A comparative and prospective study","volume":"79","author":"Avila","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arq Bras Cardiol"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1441","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2004.02.053","article-title":"Outcome of subsequent pregnancy in patients with documented peripartum cardiomyopathy","volume":"93","author":"Sliwa","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000161382.30233.ba","article-title":"Prognostic value of echocardiography in peripartum cardiomyopathy","volume":"105","author":"Chapa","year":"2005","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-145-1-200607040-00007","article-title":"Outcomes of subsequent pregnancy after peripartum cardiomyopathy: a case series from Haiti","volume":"145","author":"Fett","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2006.12.036","article-title":"A cathepsin D-cleaved 16 kDa form of prolactin mediates postpartum cardiomyopathy","volume":"128","author":"Hilfiker-Kleiner","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-1241.2007.01449.x","article-title":"Prevalence and outcome of peripartum cardiomyopathy in Malaysia","volume":"63","author":"Chee","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pract"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2009.10.011","article-title":"Risk of heart failure relapse in subsequent pregnancy among peripartum cardiomyopathy mothers","volume":"109","author":"Fett","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0078","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1447-0756.2010.01378.x","article-title":"Pregnancy and subsequent pregnancy outcomes in peripartum cardiomyopathy","volume":"37","author":"Mandal","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Res"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0079","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1629","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2014.07.961","article-title":"Risk of subsequent pregnancy in women with a history of peripartum cardiomyopathy","volume":"64","author":"Elkayam","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2014.37","article-title":"Pathophysiology and epidemiology of peripartum cardiomyopathy","volume":"11","author":"Hilfiker-Kleiner","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.901496","article-title":"Evaluation of bromocriptine in the treatment of acute severe peripartum cardiomyopathy: a proof-of-concept pilot study","volume":"121","author":"Sliwa","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0082","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(97)80034-8","article-title":"Contractile reserve in patients with peripartum cardiomyopathy and recovered left ventricular function","volume":"176","author":"Lampert","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0083","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.116.003349","article-title":"Angiogenic imbalance and residual myocardial injury in recovered peripartum cardiomyopathy patients","volume":"9","author":"Goland","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circ Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0084","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3147","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehr218","article-title":"ESC Guidelines on the management of cardiovascular diseases during pregnancy: the Task Force on the Management of Cardiovascular Diseases during Pregnancy of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)","volume":"32","author":"Regitz-Zagrosek","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1728","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv141","article-title":"Contraception and cardiovascular disease","volume":"36","author":"Roos-Hesselink","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0086","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b2890","article-title":"Hormonal contraception and risk of venous thromboembolism: national follow-up study","volume":"339","author":"Lidegaard","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0087","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2014.01.023","article-title":"Cardiovascular and general safety of a 24-day regimen of drospirenone-containing combined oral contraceptives: final results from the International Active Surveillance Study of Women Taking Oral Contraceptives","volume":"89","author":"Dinger","year":"2014","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0088","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2257","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1111840","article-title":"Thrombotic stroke and myocardial infarction with hormonal contraception","volume":"366","author":"Lidegaard","year":"2012","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026080800365937100_ejhf1178-bib-0089","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-199715100-00003","article-title":"Blood pressure in women using oral contraceptives: results from the Health Survey for England 1994","volume":"15","author":"Dong","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Hypertens"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Heart Failure"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fejhf.1178","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ejhf.1178","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ejhf.1178","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurjhf\/article-pdf\/20\/6\/951\/66268808\/eurjhf_20_6_951.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurjhf\/article-pdf\/20\/6\/951\/66268808\/eurjhf_20_6_951.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,8]],"date-time":"2026-08-08T04:37:48Z","timestamp":1786163868000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurjhf\/article\/20\/6\/951\/8414662"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,26]]},"references-count":89,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,26]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ejhf.1178","relation":{},"ISSN":["1388-9842","1879-0844"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1388-9842","type":"print"},{"value":"1879-0844","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2017-06-07","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-02-20","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-03-26","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}